Pros and Cons of a Dry Campus Essay Example

Advantages and disadvantages of a Dry Campus Paper Consistently, colleges consistently have a similar issue with respect to liquor. Understudies are continually getting in a difficult situation for ownership or utilization. Here at Eastern Connecticut State University, the strategy is a dry grounds. This implies liquor is totally denied nearby. There are numerous conclusions with regards to this decision, as there are likewise numerous upsides and downsides to it. One ace of having a dry grounds is that understudies can discover different occasions to go to. Eastern frequently offers different occasions where understudies can do and mingle, advancing a night without liquor. Understudies can likewise join clubs, intramurals, sports, and so forth. These clubs and occasions offer a positive impact on the understudies by keeping them occupied. As indicated by a companion and understudy of the school, one occasion that the University of Maryland supports is the â€Å"Spring Party Challenge. † This is the place understudies are urged to set up the most ideal gathering without the accessibility of liquor. The champ of this occasion will get $300 and two other participants will get $100 each. Albeit Eastern doesn't offer an occasion this way, it has a great time activities like the month to month â€Å"Fridays After Dark† occasions or even free hotcakes on Thursday evenings supported by the Christian Fellowship gathering. We will compose a custom article test on Pros and Cons of a Dry Campus explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Pros and Cons of a Dry Campus explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Pros and Cons of a Dry Campus explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Another master of having a dry grounds is for the school itself. Since the greater part the understudies at colleges are underage, having a dry grounds is a shrewd decision for schools. This is on the grounds that it makes them not at risk for any episodes that may happen to their understudies including liquor. With a composed record, it’s somewhat hard to reprimand the school for whatever could occur. An issue including this is the measure of death of undergrads consistently. As per Collegedrinkingprevention. rg, â€Å"1,825 undergrads between the ages of 18 and 24 kicked the bucket from liquor related unexpected wounds including engine vehicle crashes† (article checked on in 2010, year of measurement not accessible). The issue here is that by making a school a dry grounds, understudies are progressively inclined to not drink on the properties, accordingly making it a more secure grounds. Then again, understudies will go out to drink, attempting to abstain from getting reviewed. Understudies will drive off of grounds to head off to some place else, at that point driving back home a short time later. The issue with this that it will leave understudies abandoned or settling on helpless choices, especially without an assigned driver. From individual experience, I’ve gotten a ride from a companion who said he was â€Å"alright† to drive, just later discovering that he was â€Å"buzzed. † His thinking for electing to drive was that it was his vehicle and we expected to return to grounds. Once securely nearby, he conceded that he ought not have gotten in the driver's seat since he realized it was risky. On the off chance that the grounds isn't dry, at that point understudies are bound to remain nearby to appreciate a couple of beverages, lessening the measure of alcoholic driving. Proceeding on cons, another explanation that understudies loathe having a dry grounds is that they feel like they aren’t as free as they can imagine to be. A great deal of understudies decide to live nearby on the grounds that they need to get away from their folks and carry on with life they way they picked. I feel that understudies ought to have the decision of drinking or not drinking, paying little heed to their age. I accept that it ought to be his/her decision regarding whether they need to go to class with a parting cerebral pain or on the off chance that they decide to accomplish something idiotic while inebriated. These understudies are mature enough to settle on choices and they should recognize what is good and bad. We are mature enough to battle for ourselves and to choose what we need to do with our lives. In the event that we decide to go through the entirety of our cash and skip classes the following day due to liquor, at that point so be it. We are settling on these decisions; in this way we ought to figure out how to live with the results. By and by, I feel that albeit every one of these passings and wounds that happen in view of liquor, is really the individual. Truly there are more liquor related occurrences for undergrads, yet that’s additionally in light of the fact that these understudies have no restraint and are not liable for what they are doing. Be that as it may, it’s not simply occurring in school. It’s happening all over the place, paying little heed to area. I do accept, nonetheless, that understudies who are underage ought to get rebuffed when captured on the grounds that they are overstepping a law, not only a standard. Taking everything into account, I am not totally sure whether it is smarter to have dry grounds. There are a ton of cons however there are likewise a great deal of professionals to it as well. I imagine that it relies upon the understudies and topography of the school.

Key Highlights of the Human Career

The advancement of humanity is more than essentially a history for the cutting edge society. These are the exercises that individuals have taken in, the victories that they have accomplished, the disappointments that they have endured and the advancement that we have produced using Homo Erectus to Homo Sapiens †the degree of improvement that can't be contrasted with any current types of life.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Key Highlights of the Human Career explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, it is imperative to recollect the phases that the humankind has given its approach flawlessly. Every one of those stages is checked in some way or another in the archeologists’ and scientists’ mind, and every one of those stages can be spoken to by a specific ancient rarity that can exhibit the developments that our progenitors gained and the ground that they accomplished. The fortune that the historical center views is worth in exce ss of a gold mine, for this is the information that individuals have been gathering for a considerable length of time and a huge number of years. Inside these dividers one can see the ascent and fall of various developments, follow individuals figuring out how to make weapons and making the reason for the cutting edge comprehension of society. Here, the most critical ancient rarities have been chosen to show the way that individuals have been will accomplish the current phase of advancement. The various curios will advise how significant it isn't to overlook the old information that the individuals of the past had. The antiques have been masterminded in a particular request for individuals to get the hold regarding the matter better and to have the likelihood to see the various ancient rarities interconnected as they seem to be, coasting from one age into another. The relics have been put in isolated little cases for the guests to have a superior view on the entirety of the componen ts gathered by the circle that they speak to. The principal case views the relics of people’s weapons, the second has contents, and the third speaks to the figures that have been made in the antiquated occasions. Trusting that the guests will discover the presentation generally intriguing and subjective, I might want top go to the shows themselves.Advertising Looking for paper on humanities? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One of the most great noteworthy revelations was the one of the Olduwan culture. The improvement of these individuals who were living in the occasions old as the slopes was really fantastic. In the age of the Stone Age, the business was creating at a leeway pace. The individuals who speeded it up by one way or another were the Oldowans. The old clan figured out how to make the devices that helped them in their normal work and was utilized from 2.6 to 1.7 million years back! Nonetheless, that had its v ery own pessimistic impact, with the individuals who utilized the innovation of the earlier hundreds of years didn't have to improve anything and accordingly didn't want to build up their abilities in making instruments for their work. That is the thing that lies from one perspective, however on the other the students of history consider the To be as the individuals that overran the age, deserting their beneficiaries far. One could undoubtedly figure that the Oldowan progress was conceived in Tanzania, the core of Africa †since Africa is considered by various researchers as the support of the humanity. Obviously, the association between the Oldowan apparatuses and the cutting edge innovation is fairly dubious, yet there is no uncertainty that the creation of the primary weapon can be viewed as a beginning stage in human’s improvement. In any case, a few researchers will in general contend against the significance of the Oldowan devices innovation: How sure would we be ab le to be that the Oldowan devices are in reality fabricated devices? This is anything but a simple judgment to make, since the ancient rarities distinguished as devices comprise just of little bits of rocks that are honed on one side. Might they be able to not have been â€Å"found tools†? (Donald 111)Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Key Highlights of the Human Career explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The instruments that they made were utilized for the earlier objective, which was chasing. Despite the fact that the Oldowan devices are viewed as the most crude type of instruments that have ever showed up over the span of history, their significance remains past any questions. In the event that individuals had not begun making ventures towards the production of the easiest apparatuses and instruments, the cutting edge human advancement would have never accomplished the current phase of improvement. All things considered, the incredib le things start with exceptionally little advances. The following issue in conversation will be the display named Achaeulian Hand Ax. This development is likewise considered to have a place with the age of the Stone Age. Found in the locale of Hoxne (Suffolk), the devices that the researchers found and considered the proof of the individuals improvement in the Stone Age, these instruments mean the antiquated individuals moving to Europe from the ample hot Africa. They made the devices that may assist them with accommodating to the new condition and that was progressively appropriate for the requirements that they had in the age when they were changing the environment. Sequentially, this occasion has a place with the hours of the Lower Paleolithic period and mean that the old individuals have at long last started to improve the apparatuses, changing them so they could be more keen, and that they could be simpler to convey. The handle that the hatchet has shows obviously this was a st age forward in contrast with the sharp stone that was conveyed close by and couldn't be a genuine weapon in the battle with a creature. Found in India (Chandra 46), these weapons caused the archeologists to comprehend that the Stone Age had been undeniably more evolved than it was assumed previously. Like the past display, it has inaccessible relations with the advanced weapons, yet it is an example of the old weapons and combative techniques that must be preserved.Advertising Searching for exposition on human studies? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More The effect that this development has had on the advanced innovation and human conduct is gigantic, yet fairly far off in time. The following show that will be of an incredible enthusiasm to those intrigued by the privileged insights of the old occasions is the attracting discovered the Lascaux Cave in France. The old individuals were attempting to delineate the occasions of their regular daily existence, just as the most huge events, or what was viewed as huge in the ancient time. The cavern of Laxcaus observes the fortunes undeniably more important than the Flint’s cavern. The craftsmen were known as the Magdalenians, who lived around a long time from now. This was the age of the ice age, and the drawings that are portrayed on the dividers of the cavern are called correspondingly the Ice Art. (Burnham 6). The photos that the old individuals drew on the dividers of their abodes were indicating different scenes, beginning from chasing to the photos of creatures or individuals a lone, or the signs that the individuals were utilizing at that occasions. Obviously, this can't be acted like craftsmanship from the advanced perspective, and it was not really the workmanship for craftsmanship †it could be increasingly sensible to propose that the drawings should communicate the thoughts that were preceding the individuals of the Stone Age time. These drawings can be partitioned into three gatherings, which are the pictures of creatures, the pictures of individuals and the pictures of unsure character that should imply something for the inhabitants of the cavern. Among the pictures of the creatures, the most various are the drawings of equine. Since it was the fundamental article for the chase of the antiquated individuals, they drew it as one of the most significant components of their reality. It is somewhat dubious that the drawings found in the Lascaux cavern could be considered as the start of the craftsmanship time, yet they despite everything imply that the humanity began to utilize visual pictures to point at a specific subject or express a thought. This is a significant advance in the improvement of the humankind. As individuals went on in their social advancement and began looking for the new strategies for discovering food and chasing, they found quick that one of the approaches to continue their lives was to fall back on eating the products that they could develop themselves. Essentially, it implied the start of the rural time and imply that individuals have accomplished another phase of advancement. The weapons that they made were not pointed uniquely at chasing, or executing any longer. Individuals began to make the weapons that helped them to make a rural society. Obviously, the procedure went long and with enormous stops. In any case, the main thing that demonstrated the old people’s potential for the further mental development was the way that they started making such instruments as sickles and microliths. Albeit these days sickle is somewhat an image of the days of yore and the absence of progress, in the Mesolithic culture, it was a significant advancement. With all the purposes behind the further advancement, individuals began making the weapons that could assist them with developing the seeds and by one way or another assemble the collect. It is an obvious instance of the fats advancement that leads starting with one innovation then onto the next. Since individuals understood that they expected to control the development of the plants that they use as food, they fundamentally needed to go to the horticultural method of living. It must be additionally conceived at the top of the priority list that a sickle was utilized even in the advanced occasions, however it has been altered extraordinarily. â€Å"The Natufian locales and Zawi Chemi had sickles (or if nothing else sickle cutting edges) and microliths; these were not found at Ganj-Dareh,† Ucko (363) says. All things considered, t hat just demonstrates the way that individuals can't create at a similar pace. Some of them need additional time than the others. The equivalent goes for the way of life, maybe. The innovation has adjusted the advanced human conduct, switc

Valuation of Airthread Brief free essay sample

Characterize the issue Problem that both ACC and ATC confronted Problem for American Cable Communication (ACC) 1. The most extreme issue for ACC is the expanding in contenders with the pattern toward heap of administrations. As of late, Incumbent nearby trade transporters (ILEC’s) which is the firm that typically offer remote support are extending its items. ILEC’s is developing their video contributions which is the significant result of ACC. We accept that this issue require extremely brisk reaction from Robert Zimmerman, senior VP of business advancement, as the innovation is keep building up constantly, so ACC ought to obtain ATC to give and grow more administrations. 2. What's more, ACC saw an approaching serious danger from advance remote systems dependent on 802. 16n standard for versatile WiMAX. Those systems are relied upon to offer remote communication as well as network access which is likewise the principle result of ACC. Issue for AirThread Connections (ATC) 1. We will compose a custom paper test on Valuation of Airthread Brief or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page ATC confronted a cost drawback comparative with its primary remote rivals possessed by ILEC’s. High working expense is come about because of moving traffic from cell towers to focal exchanging workplaces utilizing either landlines rented from contenders or in fact unwieldy microwave gear. This is the most basic issue for ATC, as per Michael Balistreri, the company’s CFO, he said â€Å"In a commoditized industry, it is normally the minimal effort maker that endures and thrives†. . Besides, ATC’s contenders offer more items separated from remote assistance which are landline, recordings, and web access. These lead to higher client procurement and maintenance costs, in addition to more slow development. Presumptions from ACC’s securing 1. The two organizations could enable each other to contend in a strongly serious industry that requires increasingly more group administration contributions so the income of the two organizations will be expanded. 2. An investigation done by Rubinstein amp; Ross assessed that ATC can spare about 20% in backhaul cost by utilizing ACC fiber lines as opposed to renting landlines from different organizations. Nonetheless, Ms. Zhang accepts that the cost reserve funds would be progressive. In this way, she assessed the complete framework working cost sparing to be 6% acknowledged more than four years starting in 2009. 3. By obtaining, the two organizations will grow the business showcase which could have expanded the steadiness and unwavering quality of the company’s incomes. In addition, each firm will build its system usage and increment cost effectiveness thus.

Human Resources management in Organisation - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine about the Human Resources the board in Organization. Answer: Expanding worldwide market is presenting difficulties to the Australian economy. It is modifying the sort of occupations in the nation. The Business committee of Australia is concentrating on the human capital turn of events and in building the Australian near preferences. The point of the human asset the board at present is to build up the individuals to their maximum capacity to keep Australia serious, prosperous, and gainful (O'Connor, Du Roos, 2015). The article examines the changing essence of enlistment in Australia. With respect to this circumstance the exposition examines the enlistment and its significance to the association. The article centers around the enrollment patterns, challenges and the open doors for potential workers and associations. The exposition is upheld with the human asset HR speculations and models that are applicable to the business relationship. Enrollment is significant for each association. Considering the colossal accomplishment of the Game of Thrones, it is unmistakably because of astounding joint effort of individuals. In this specific situation, enrollment is the way toward selecting ideal individual for right employment for improving the authoritative execution. It relies upon the enlistment if an individual has right abilities set to play out a particular activity. It isn't just the piece of the HR group to select individuals yet additionally the duty of the line troughs. The significance of enlistment in HR the executives is to top off the situation with the correct up-and-comer utilizing ad and some other methods so meriting up-and-comers are not denied of their fantasy work. It is the ongoing pattern that huge firms are purchasing the enlisting organizations for example, Oracle or SAP to choose meriting applicant with high potential. Enlistment assumes a significant job in development of the organization. It helps in amassing the pool of ability under one rooftop and maintain a strategic distance from the very late scramble for super tasks (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). HR the board assumes a significant job in characterizing the job which incorporates work examination (yield required by work holder or reason for work), set of working responsibilities (desire for boss), and determining work profile to the correct competitor. This stage is trailed by drawing in the workers by different inside and outer strategies. This procedure is significant in checking the legitimate necessities satisfied by the up-and-comers and to enroll steadfast up-and-comers and the individuals who can support the basic beliefs of the organization. HR administrators meet the present and future needs of the organization by enlisting individuals. It helps in keeping the back up as there is consistently an opportunity that a few people may leave in center of the task. This aides keeping up the parity in the association while improving the worth creation. The current market is profoundly serious and without the correct blend of the up-and-comer it is hard to win the opposition. H enceforth, enlistment is significant (Budhwar Debrah, 2013). There are a few new patterns in the HR enlistment process. Programmed and Employee referral has become some portion of the enrollment since long time. This program is powerful in accepting applications from the gifted up-and-comers. It assists organizations with giving enough ability. What's more, the consultancies are master in burrowing the database of the workers to think of meriting abilities for explicit position (Shwed Kalev, 2014). The most recent pattern in the human asset enrollment is putting astutely in teaching individuals about the universe of work. So as to diminish the ascent in joblessness among youthful specialists and those at drawback there is a need to function admirably as far as human capital. This incorporates putting too much in the person to person communication locales other than customary model of ad intensive papers, exchange press, or business work sheets. Notwithstanding, half of the work in Australia is because of internet based life and business office . As of late, there is an expanding utilization of innovation for dealing with the application procedure (Gibbs et al., 2015). Mc Donalds is utilizing the better approach for enlisting workers. Considering the way that there is critical increment being used of person to person communication locales through advanced cells, Mc Donald has chosen to select technically knowledgeable individuals through snapchat. It just accepts 10 minutes for position searchers to watch a video advertisement of the representatives of Mc Donald sharing their encounters. Clients can basically swipe in the application to be diverted to the carer website page of Mc Donald for application. This procedure is named as snaplications an imaginative market recruiting instrument. Utilizing this method Mc Donald in US has enlisted 250,000 representatives in this mid year. A similar strategy has been utilized by the organization in Australia. Furthermore, Spotify and Hulu was likewise enlisted to arrive at imminent and potential jobseekers (Fortune.com, 2017). Netflix too utilizes consumerisation process where it makes great suggestion realiz ing the film tastes of it workers (Varela, 2017). Tinder causes them get new accomplices. Individuals expect involvement with work that is like that in home (Jackson et al., 2014). The key human asset the executives arrangement of Australia lines up with the human capital hypothesis. This hypothesis expresses that the monetary estimation of the association increments by Human capital hypothesis; workers experience, abilities and information (Kramar, 2014) Different techniques utilized by the HR administrators are utilizing inner enrollment plan, the nearby activity communities and profession fairs. Inward ability pool is selected for giving vocation development openings, representative maintenance and bolster progression arranging (Jackson et al., 2014). For example, half of the Mc Donalds directors were already hourly paid representatives. This association makes its every individual eatery answerable for enrollment. This utilization of different procedures has helped numerous new youngers matured 16-24 in Australia to have first occupation at Mc Donald with over 60% being selected as team part (Mc Donald's, 2017). This lines up with the European model of HRM as these procedures center around relationship with workers and line supervisors (Kramar, 2014). It is progressively getting hard to track down profoundly gifted and skillful individuals qualified at all levels. The ongoing pattern in the work procedure in Australia is everything being portable, tradeable and work. The individuals with high capability and abilities are moving to different places on the planet. Then again the low gifted employments are robotized or move seaward (Tyers, 2015). The regular difficulties looked by the representatives in Australia are absence of progression in innovation, poor correspondence by HRs and poor workplaces. The high turnover rate is because of the transient idea of the workforce. Working environment separation respects to culture, age, sex and others are conspicuous issues in Australia. A portion of the associations like seven eleven stores enrolled individuals however neglected to satisfy the representative desires. It is because of low pay, extended periods of time of work without motivating forces (Shields et al., 2015). Further, the si gnificant test is to because of 33% of occupations in Australia that are not officially publicized. There is dependence on verbal exchange in 17% everything being equal. Foreigners and evacuees need preparing and training (Kosny et al., 2017). The work experience model utilized by the business is the work motivations. It enables the representatives to increase a certifiable feeling of being in the work environment. It makes attention to the workers about the abilities and the capabilities expected by the businesses. Numerous BCA individuals are taking activities to create programs that incorporate multi day courses to custom fitted temporary jobs. Organizations like Mc Donald and Microsoft work through conversation gatherings and exercises with various staff individuals. They get input and counsel from the scope of staff about the future vocation ways (Bakker, 2017). There is the need of such open doors in the working environment which enables the youthful part to take an interest in work environment to build up the employability aptitudes. Such open doors should be made in association with schools, non-government associations, and business. It is contended by Harteis Goller (2014) that work presentation, and other vocatio n learning openings must turn into the focal piece of the instruction and preparing framework. These sort of organizations is clear from the Work Inspirations program facilitated by the Foundationfor Young Australians, NAB and The Smith Family. Future Employees can settle on progressively educated decisions about their preparation and studies by improving the manner in which vocation learning is extended to the understudies and diverse employment opportunity searchers. These preparation openings will help boost the human capital. It ought to be guaranteed that those can work with the assistance of professional instruction and preparing are upheld by business, governments and network associations (Budhwar Debrah, 2013). As indicated by Webb et al. (2013), professional instruction and preparing that will be acquired by year 12 has been discovered powerful in Australia in expanding higher paces of all day business, and bringing down occurrence ofunemployment. It is valuable instrument that prompts higher wages and higher status occupations for individuals. Organization approach is the new and powerful method in arriving at the burdened activity searchers. For example, the BCA is working together with the Australian Councilof Social Service and the Australian Council of TradeUnions to improve the business administrations. It is assisting all the activity searchers with being ready to add to countrys economy and advantage from its development. For example, there is an expansion in the indigenous workforce by 3500 individuals by the BCA part organizations. Compromise Action Plans by both open and private improves open doors for some, progressively impeded Indigenous jobseekers in Australia (Sheldon, P., Thornthwaite, 2015). It tends to be finished up from the above conversation that the associations in Australia are changing the substance of enlistment utilizing the cutting edge HR arrangements. It very well may be closed

Moral Dilemmas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Moral Dilemmas - Essay Example In expressing about this issue, Russ Shafer-Landau contends that different good standards will in general be adequately autonomously to how an individual sees them. Kant’s moral hypothesis is somewhat unique particularly how individuals see it. In characterizing moral issues, the Kant moral hypothesis is viewed as deontological whereby a person’s activities are ethically upstanding as far as excellencies of individual’s intentions. For this situation, they should get from a specific obligation than tendency (Timmons 27). The assurance to act as indicated by his/her obligation for the most part defeats the personal responsibility proof or the longing to do something else. Additionally, Kant contends the part of virtues of an individual’s activities with the way that they just live in adage or formal guideline. Then again, it clarifies about the general responsibility of an individual to take part in a specific demonstration since it is his/her obligation to do as such (Timmons 35). This hence implies, obligation remains the need for an individual to carry on of retribution for the law. Thorough use of comparative strat egies towards this thinking would bring about an equivalent achievement while managing moral way of thinking issues. This along these lines implies that the inevitable rule of profound quality should consistently be an ethical law that happens dynamically and has the capacity of controlling a person towards a correct activity. In as much as the Kant’s hypothesis appears to be viable and applies to genuine occasions, this hypothesis of morals is imperfect and insufficiency when utilized abstract (Timmons 32). By and large, the hypothesis neglects to mention to individuals what they ought to do particularly when their ethical duties are clashing. Kant’s hypothesis of morals is altogether broad particularly on a portion of the regular occurring as far as good morals and situations. In any case, the hypothesis isn't point by point and sufficiently compelling to direct individuals on the best way to

Chances of Having Hereditary Bipolar Disorder

Chances of Having Hereditary Bipolar Disorder Bipolar Disorder Print The Chances of Having Hereditary Bipolar Disorder By Marcia Purse Marcia Purse is a mental health writer and bipolar disorder advocate who brings strong research skills and personal experiences to her writing. Learn about our editorial policy Marcia Purse Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on December 31, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 21, 2019 Bipolar Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Your Rights Tara Moore/Getty Images If you have bipolar disorder and are considering having children, one of the questions you are probably asking yourself is whether you would pass your bipolar disorder on to a child. Is bipolar disorder hereditary? What is the role of genetics in bipolar disorder? Is Bipolar Disorder Hereditary? We have known for some time that bipolar disorder can run in families, and now, with genomic sequencing, we are learning about the possible role of genetic factors in the disorder. While the role of heredity is clear from family and twin studies, further research is needed. The overall lifetime risk of developing bipolar disorder is thought to be somewhere between 1 and 4 percent, depending on the definition, with the average age at diagnosis being 18. Lets look at what we know about family history and bipolar disorder, and then at what genetic specialists have discovered about the role of individual genes in both bipolar disorder and other mental health disorders. Family History of Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder is overall considered to be one of the most heritable of mental health disorders based on a review of family history charts. For example, here are data from a study which found a high family linkage with bipolar disorder: A child of one parent with bipolar disorder and one without has a 15 to 30 percent chance of having BP.If both parents have bipolar disorder, theres a 50 to 75 percent chance that a child of theirs will, too.If you already have one child with BP, there is a 15 to 25 percent chance that another of your children will also have it.If one identical twin has BP, theres about an 85 percent chance that the other one will as well. In three other studies, the chance of an identical twin also having bipolar disorder ranges from 38 to 43 percent with that of dizygotic (non-identical) twins being between 4.5 and 5.6 percent. Many other studies have found that bipolar disorder runs in families, though not all to this degree. Specific aspects of bipolar disorder also appear to run in families including the polarity of illness onset (mania vs depression,) frequency of episodes, the presence of psychosis, suicidality, rapid-cycling, associated alcohol use disorders, panic disorder, and the responsiveness (or lack thereof) to medications such as lithium and other drugs. The age of onset of bipolar disorder is often younger for those children who have parents or grandparents with a more severe bipolar disorder. Genetics vs. Environment and Bipolar Disorder When bipolar disorder runs in families it begs the question: Is the increase in risk related to genetics (specific gene combinations) or the environment? It appears that both mechanisms are probably at play and contribute to the causation of bipolar disorder. The Genetics of Bipolar Disorder Though it runs in families, it is harder to define specific genetic risk factors. Studies looking at the genetics of bipolar disorder have failed to find a single gene which is causative (for example, as is the case with cystic fibrosis.) Rather, it appears that there are several chromosomal regions with many genes (polygenic,) each of which has a small effect in raising the susceptibility to the disorder. Variants in genes such as ANK3, CACNA1C, NCAN, ODZ4 and are thought to increase susceptibility but explain only a very small percentage of the genetic risk. In addition, the majority of people with these at-risk alleles do not have bipolar disorder. Genetics and the Response to Bipolar Medications A separate issue that has been noted with our newer understanding of genetics is that genetics may play a role in how a person responds to medications for bipolar disorder. For example, those with two inactive copies of the CYP206 gene may be poor metabolizers of drugs such as risperidone and aripiprazole. As noted above, how much a person responds to drugs such as lithium may run in the family. Genetics of Bipolar Disorder and Other Mental Health Disorders In looking at genetic susceptibility, it has been noted that there is overlap between gene variations noted with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and depression. Should You Have Children If You Have Bipolar Disorder? Knowing that there is an increased risk of bipolar disorder in children of those with bipolar disorder, should parents with the disorder have children? This is a question that doesnt have a right or wrong answer. There are many medical conditions that may have a hereditary aspect. In addition, there is not a single gene or gene sequence that guarantees a child will develop bipolar disorder. Its important to note that nothing says that having a child who does develop a mental health disorder will not be a wonderfully fulfilling experience. Individuals must decide for themselves that is best for them and their family. Knowing you have a family history, however, can be very helpful in monitoring your child should she exhibits any signs or symptoms in order to recognize the condition before an episode of mania is occurring. The Bottom Line It seems clear that there is a genetic role in the development of bipolar disorder, but this role appears to be polygenic (controlled a little bit by many different genes) and very complex. In other words, there is not a single or even several gene variations that cause bipolar disorder, rather, a diverse combination of genes which may increase a persons susceptibility to developing bipolar disorder. A family history of the disorder is not a reason to put off becoming a parent. You may wish to learn about the red flags for bipolar disorder in children, and the different forms of the disorder.

Asians in Ivy League Admissions

Asians in Ivy League Admissions May 26 Caroline Simon of The Daily Pennsylvanian has written a great piece on the discrimination against Asians and Asian Americans in the admissions process. Lots of folks are discussing Asian Americans and Asians in Ivy League admissions these days. And we like that. Because theres a problem. And its one deserving of the publics attention. Indeed theres an article in The Daily Pennsylvanian, the newspaper of the University of Pennsylvania, authored by Caroline Simon entitled Colleges focus on diversity may leave Asians at an admissions disadvantage that we figured wed write about. The article discusses a Princeton University study that examines how race impacts admissions decisions. In fact, the study elucidates the impact of race on admissions decisions by quantifying it in terms of points on an SAT (so its easily understandable). As Simon Reports, The study found that applying as an African-American provides an advantage equivalent  to  an additional 230 points on the SAT, while Hispanics received a 185-point boost. Asian Americans have a bonus of negative 50 points.  Although the Asian population in the United States has been steadily increasing, the percentage of Asian students at Ivy League universities — including Penn — has remained roughly the same over the past two decades, according to data provided by the National Center for Education Statistics. This data seems to be quite telling. If youre African American, you get an SAT boost when applying to colleges. If youre Latino, you get an SAT boost. If youre Asian, you get an SAT handicap. Thats right. A handicap. Its not right. Its not fair. Its high time that action be taken. As weve written before, were not sure what will come of the complaint filed against Harvard College by various Asian American groups. Its certainly not the first time a complaint has been filed against universities for alleged discrimination against Asian and Asian American applicants. But, as weve long asserted on the pages of this college admissions blog, when more and more folks lift their voices to criticize the practice of discrimination against Asian and Asian Americans, change can be accomplished. These groups are discriminated against in the admissions process. This is fact, not fiction. The Princeton University study is quite simple and indeed its telling. These numbers share the true story. And this isnt only the case at Harvard. To single out Harvard as the sole culprit would be unfair as its the case at every highly selective college across America. Its high time this changed. Maybe hopefully that time is now. While youre here, read our post on Asian Quotas in Ivy League Admissions. To be clear, there are no quotas. But that doesnt mean there isnt discrimination. Because there is.

The Crips Street Gang Essay - 552 Words

The Crips Street Gang How has the Crips Street Gang evolved since the 1960’s? Gone are the days when battles were over community control, when loyalty meant self- determination, not self destruction. In the 1980’s crack cocaine became a major source of income for many African – American gang members in Los Angeles. Gangs were faced with intra-conflict old codes of conducts versus laissez-faire attitudes of the younger gang members. Gang violence increased as many capitalized on this new market the distribution of crack cocaine. Neighborhoods in gang infested Los Angeles areas were not immune to the violence of gangs. The Rolling 60’s were one of the first cliques or sets to take root in the Los Angeles area of South†¦show more content†¦The protection and camadarire once shared between gang members had disappeared. Crack had become an equal –opportunity alternative, the employer of last resort in many of Los Angeles poorest neighborhoods. Gang members c apitalized this market and sold crack as many car salesmen sale cars. Competition was fierce and violence was used at ones leisure even if it meant betrayal of a fellow gang member. The neighborhoods of South Central Los Angeles wore scares of the 1980’s crack era and the evolution of area gangs. The old rules did not exist where you did not shoot children or somebody’s mother, nor did you fire on cemetery, hospital or church. When fights were fought with muscle not with military weapons. Drive by shootings claimed the lives of many young and old. Children at play or home watching television were prey to the violence on the street gangs of Los Angeles. Those who escaped the drive-bys were sucked into a demise of addiction to crack cocaine. As California replaced Florida as the chief import for the Colombian cocaine cartels, drug distributions trigged violence; violence caused the destruction of families and claimed the lives of many. The community would not reco ver from the violent introduction of crack cocaine. Los Angeles dubbed the City of Gangs has earned its reputation. Gangs which were organized as a form of community protection between black males evolved to criminalShow MoreRelated Crippin in Los Angeles Essay1122 Words   |  5 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;African American gangs in Los Angeles originated mostly from the migration of African Americans from the South after World War II. In the 1920’s most of the gangs in Los Angeles were family oriented and it was not until the late 1940’s that the first gangs began. The gangs surfaced out the area known as the East Side, which is the area east of Main Street to Alameda. A lot of the gangs surfaced because of the racism perpetrated by the whites. There was clear segregationRead MoreColors, Letters and Numbers Essay1180 Words   |  5 Pagesglorified bloods (red) and crips (blue) to some extent. It made a lot of teens and younger kids want to be apart of a gang because it seems cool, or maybe they just had nothing else better to do. The whole gang theme seems to be catching on through out all aspects of life. There are even reports of a homosexual gang that wears the rainbow as their calling card. There will never be a slow down in gang violence onc e there are members of the hip-hop community that glorify the gang lifestyle. Rappers suchRead MoreEssay about Stanley Tookie Williams943 Words   |  4 Pagesabounded by his father in 1959. Shortly after his father leaving the family him and his mother boarded a Greyhound bus headed to Los Angles in hope to find a better life for them both. As I young child he found it more interesting to be in the street than be at home. He had become the new kid on which led him to be subjected to the neighborhood bullies. He quickly learned how to defend himself threw fighting. He was fighting neighborhood bullies at age six. Learning how to fight at age six isRead MoreThe Impact of Gang Violence in Oklahoma Essay1345 Words   |  6 PagesThe Impact of Gang Violence in Oklahoma Gangs have had a huge impact in Oklahoma the many years they have been here. Gangs account for most of the drug trade, as well as most of the homicides in the Oklahoma area. Gangs are being fueled by the fear they have given the citizens, therefore most people are too afraid to do anything about the problem. â€Å"Every city in the world always has a gang, a street gang, or the so-called outcasts†.- Jimi Hendrix. http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords/gangRead MoreTaking a Look at Gang Violence1075 Words   |  4 Pagesloved ones being murdered by violent street gang members. These victims often had nothing to do with the gangs or gang members that killed them. A street gang is a group of people who commonly involve themselves in heinous crimes such as murder, assault, drug dealing, robbery, and car theft. These gangs are present all over the nation and are starting to spread to other countries. It is imperative for the United States government to put a stop to gangs and gang violence. Ed Gottesman and RichardRead MoreTerrorism And The United States1981 Words   |  8 Pagesnot have to come from abroad. Terrorism can be homegrown in America and for the past 40 years that is what has been happening in cities all across the United States. Gang related terrorism is extremely high in inner cities all across the country and the Crips are the largest gang that operates in America. In 1970’s California the Crips were created as a response to protect their neighborhoods but have grown to much more than that. Today there are over 33,000 members of this terror organization whoRead MoreDifferent Types Of Street Gangs1868 Words   |  8 PagesSTREET GANGS Abstract This paper explores three different types of street gangs. These gangs are the Black Disciples, the Mongols, and the Bloods and the Crips. The paper talks about the activities that these gangs are involved in, and also covers at least three different topics for each gang. This paper also examines the information that people should know about these certain types of gangs. The paper covers background information of each of these gangs, criminal activities they are involvedRead MoreEssay On Gangs890 Words   |  4 PagesNovember 8,2017 Gangs, are they good for our community? Gangs, they’re all around us,everywhere,and anywhere. How do us americans feel about gangs, and their affects on our environment ? I’m against gangs because of their affect on our youth. It affects the youth causing distractions, peer pressure, and blocking opportunities for them. Gangs are one of the top three causes of crime in America today. And gives America’s crime system a lot of difficulty with solving the problem. Gangs are and haveRead MoreThe Death Of Gang Research1637 Words   |  7 Pagesterm â€Å"gang† was associated with groups in socially disorganized and deteriorated inner-city neighborhoods: It was applied to juveniles who engaged in a variety of delinquencies, ranging from truancy, street brawls, and beer running to race riots, robberies, and other serious crimes (Regoli, Hewitt, DeLisi, 2011). There were several gangs within the United States, which included street gangs, prison gangs, motorcycle gangs, and organized crime gangs that still exist today. The word â€Å"gang† is derivedRead MoreThe Most Dangerous Gangs and How to Stop Their Violence1002 Words   |  4 Pageslot dangerous gangs out there in the world. Some may be even closer than you think, for instance in your children schools, their playgrounds and even in some after school church groups. So everyone should take a part in trying to stop gang violence before it gets to be too late. In this paper it will be explaining, the most dangerous gangs, and interview and most importantly how to stop gang violence to make a better place for our future. In the United States, the top most wanted gang is the Ms13

Examples Of Lies In Catcher In The Rye - 1153 Words

Imagine a person constantly lying to get through the world, lying to themselves just to keep themselves in a relatively good state of mind. But they don’t always realize it. Throughout the novel Catcher in the Rye, Holden, the narrator if the story, is one of those people. Holden will often believe that what he says is honest, but as the story progresses, readers can tell that not all that he mentions is all true. In J.D.Salinger’s Catcher in the Rye, Holden’s lies are to protect himself and others and keep himself out the wrong because he is worried about his own survival. Holden lies is to protect Ernest Morrow when he meets his mother on the train, as well as to protect himself from telling some truths like why his nose was†¦show more content†¦Holden more than likely to do this with other topics he doesn’t â€Å"feel like talking about†. Holden also uses his lies to keep himself out of the wrong like after he and Stradlater got into their quarrel. Holden, probably still in a slightly dazed state and being hit by Stradlater, was looking in the the mirror to see how bad the damage was. â€Å"I had blood all over my mouth and chin and even on my pajamas and bathrobe. It partly scared me and it partly fascinated me. All that blood and all sort of made me look tough. Id only been in about two fights in my life, and I lost both of them. Im not too tough. Im a pacifist, if you want to know the truth.† (Salinger 45). Even as he goes to extremes and calls the blood along his mouth gore and references his past fights, he continues to call himself a pacifist. A pacifist is a person who believes that war and violence is unjustifiable. Considering that Holden had thrown the first punch during Stradlater and his fight; him thinking that he is a pacifist really contradicts his actions. Furthermore, Holden, having been in vited to his former history teacher, Mr. Spencer’s house, he runs to the main gate, which may not have been his wisest decision. â€Å"I ran all the way to the main gate, and then I waited a second till I got my breath. I have no wind, if you want to know the truth. Im quite a heavy smoker, for one thing--that is, I used to be. They made me cutShow MoreRelatedCatcher in the Rye776 Words   |  4 PagesResearch pap. Catcher in the Rye is a book of many themes of many different types of different things. The main character of the book is Holden Caulfield, this guy has major problems. He’s alone and he knows it, he hates everyone and judges them too. Some themes of this story are the sadness, the lies and deceit, and Holden’s youth. Every one of these themes describe Holden in different ways, mostly it describes what he’s like. SADNESS Sadness permeates The Catcher in the Rye. Main characterRead MoreCatcher in the Rye984 Words   |  4 PagesENG 4U1 June 12, 2012 Catcher In The Rye Essay A role model can be can classified as one of many things, but what is it exactly that distinguishes a good one from a bad? The novel, The Catcher in the Rye, written by J.D Salinger is utilized to present the character Holden Caulfield as an unsuitable role model. Firstly, Holden relies on drugs for a way out of his problems instead of facing them. Also, he cannot find his place in the world, which arises, from his natural inclination to lie andRead MoreHolden Caulfield and the Pressures of Society: The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger1286 Words   |  6 Pagesnovel to life. In the bildungsroman, The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, characterization is often found, especially regarding the protagonist, Holden Caulfield. Salinger also includes many themes in his novel relating to growing up in a corrupt society. Hence, this paper will compare, contrast, and evaluate literary criticisms regarding the themes and characterization of J.D. Salinger’s novel The Catcher in the Rye. Many critics of The Catcher in the Rye discuss in depth the characterizationRead MoreChristopher from The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time by Mark Haddon and Holden from J.D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye1058 Words   |  5 PagesChristopher from The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time by Mark Haddon and Holden from J.D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye Holden from The Catcher in the Rye by J.D Salinger and Christopher from The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time by Mark Haddon are both two very interesting first person narrators in many different ways. Holden is a 17years old boy having difficulty staying in schools more than 6 months because he doesnt work enough and ChristopherRead MoreTheme Of Innocence In Catcher In The Rye1046 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"I’d just be a catcher in the rye and all. I know it’s crazy, but it’s the only thing I’d really like to be.†( Salinger 191)) In The Catcher in the Rye, a harrowed teenager named Holden Caulfield can’t accept the fact that everyone has to grow up. He believes that every adult in some way is corrupted in a sense. He also believes that children are the only genuine thing in the world due to their innocence and their purity. Salinger employs adult situations in Holden’s journey to emphasize that lossRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger862 Words   |  3 PagesThe Catcher in the Rye a novel written by J.D. Salinger, the book starts off with Holden Caulfield, main protagonist, talks about his experience alone the weekend before he went home after getting kicked out of Pencey Prep.Holden seems to be embracing the growing up mentality y et he is frighten of adulthood he is trying to keep his innocence. Holden’s attitude toward life in general is perplexed. He pretends to be an adult by drinking heavily, yet he complains like a child. Holdens thoughts arentRead MoreChildhood Innocence is Everything in Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger770 Words   |  4 Pagestold them that childhood innocence is the best thing in the world, but for Holden it is the world. When reading The Catcher in the Rye some people disdain Holden, because they think he’s cynical and immature, but really he is a representation of us all. Unlike other books, the protagonist isn’t someone you want to be friends with, it’s someone you realize you are. The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger is Holden’s chronicle of running away from his boarding school and living on his own in New YorkRead MoreThe Tragedy of Holden Caulfield Is That He Cannot Accept the Adult World He Is Too Old to Continue the Innocent Life of a Child1033 Words   |  5 PagesThe main concern of the novel The Catcher in the Rye is not only that the protagonist is trapped between childhood and adulthood, but also the alienation and regression caused by grief when the sufferer does not address their loss properly. Holden Caulfields nervous breakdown is largely due to the death of his younger brother. It is because of this that he fears change and maturity so much, specifically the loss of innocence. Holden cannot accept the complexities of the world; instead, he uses phoninessRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye Essay2283 Words   |  10 PagesCamille Stone Ms. Freeburg English 11 Honors-6 24 August, 2012 The Catcher in the rye: Chapter 1 Significant passage: â€Å"You were supposed to commit suicide or something if old Pencey didn’t win† (2). Speaker: Holden Caulfield Audience: Reader Significance to the story: This passage shows the extremity of the schools dignity and school spirit. Reading this helps you realize that the school doesn’t tolerate failure and imperfections. You can assume that this could be one of the reasons HoldenRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye and 6 Degrees of Separation Essay1236 Words   |  5 PagesThe human condition is as far from reason and judgement as anything can be, it is what we have tried to explain for centuries and it is still a confusing maze we attempt and pretend to understand. Holden from The Catcher in the Rye and Paul from Six degrees of Separations help to explore the workings of the human condition, both boys are conflicted with their lives and have difficulty fitting into their society. However these two texts do put the boys in different positions in life, Holden has

Character Analysis Arabian Nightmares - 995 Words

Angel is the journey of a young girl, Rehana, and the loss of her innocence on the way to an adulthood thrust upon her by circumstance, combat, and war. Through the power of a brilliantly constructed script and a truly dynamic performance, the performance leaves tears in eyes and many thoughts left in heads about this unknown war. This piece brings home the devastation and despair much sharper than any news report could ever do. Angel is the third instalment of a trilogy entitled Arabian Nightmares. Rehana (Angel) is a near-mythical figure who during the siege of Kobane (a Syrian town near the Turkish border) is believed to have killed 100 ISIS fighters while protecting the area for the Kurdish YPG. As the accompanying notes that you†¦show more content†¦However, with each kill Rehana feels a little piece of herself die. Like the pistachios grown on her father’s farm, her skin is stripped away to reveal a hard centre, leading to an internal moral struggle which outweighs anything faced on the battlefield. This is shown through the characterisation of Rehana and her obvious character development for the audience as the piece progresses. While Angel continues his exploration of issues in the Middle East, it ups both the ante and the pace, requiring an actor of incredible emotional range and physical endurance. Russian-born, Berlin-raised, London-trained Avital Lvova is that actor, capable of conveying an incredible intensity and diversity of emotion through her face and eyes alone. She appears on a sparse stage in a green tank top and army pants. The stage and walls are black. A large wine barrel sits on the stage. Lvova does the entire show solo – no props, soundtrack, or effects; stage lighting is her only aid. The simplicity of the barren set, when contrasted with Avital’s powerful performance, produces a traumatic, harrowing and confronting piece. Through this, the audience vicariously lives out the emotive, and raw rendition of the ‘legend’ of Rehana, as well as the stories of many other women who have suffered at the hand of ISIS forces. Their untold experiences have been intertwined in the performance, through relatable acting, and empathy felt by the audience due to Lvova’s captivatingShow MoreRelatedSeminar: Literary Theory Applied to H.P. Lovecraft-Notably â€Å"the Beast in the Cave†6821 Words   |  28 PagesBuena VistA university | A Theoretical Analysis of H.P. Lovecraft’s â€Å"Beast in the Cave† | Senior Seminar | | Cory J. Dahlstrom | 7/28/2012 | H.P. Lovecraft has been called â€Å"one of the best, worst authors of our century.† In the following paper, I will explore his earliest work, â€Å"The Beast in the Cave,† a story written when he was around fifteen years old. I will explore its meanings and context through the lenses of reader response, deconstructionism, newRead MoreLiterature and Language10588 Words   |  43 Pages1 Foregrounding and grammatical form Consider the following examples, both of which describe inner city decay in the U.S. The first is from the Observer (29 November 1995) : ex.9-1 The 1960 dream of high rise living soon turned into a nightmare. In this sentence, there is nothing grammatically unusual or â€Å"deviant† in the way the words of the sentence are put together. However, in the following verse from a poem, the grammatical structure seems to be much more challenging, and makesRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesfollowing classification of cases by subject matter to be helpful. I thank those of you who made this and other suggestions. Classification of Cases by Major Marketing Topics Topics Most Relevant Cases Marketing Research and Consumer Analysis Coca-Cola, Disney, McDonald’s, Google, Starbucks Product Starbucks, Nike, Coke/Pepsi, McDonald’s, Maytag, Dell, Hewlett-Packard, Newell Rubbermaid, DaimlerChrysler, Kmart/Sears, Harley-Davidson, Boeing/Airbus, Merck, Boston Beer, Firestone/FordRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesLeadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Chapter 11 Teams Chapter 3 Organization: Structure and Culture 2.4.1 Organization cultures [G.7] 2.4.2 Organization structureRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageslamentable. Taken together, the key themes and processes that have been selected as the focus for each of the eight essays provide a way to conceptualize the twentieth century as a coherent unit for teaching, as well as for written narrative and analysis. Though they do not exhaust the crucial strands of historical development that tie the century together—one could add, for example, nationalism and decolonization—they cover in depth the defining phenomena of that epoch, which, as the essays demonstrateRead MoreAutobilography of Zlatan Ibrahimovic116934 Words   |  468 Pagesoften come home hungry as a wolf and open the fridge thinking: Please, please, let there be something! But no, nothing, just the usual stuff: milk, butter, some bread, and if I was lucky some juice, Multivitamin, the 4 liter pack, bought at the Arabian store because they were the cheapest, and beer of course, Pripps Blà ¥ and Carlsberg, six-packs with that plastic wrap around them. Sometimes there was only beer, and my stomach was screaming for food. There was a pain in that which I ll never forget

Occupational Therapy Models And Practice - 3526 Words

Living longer, living better is a policy designed by the Gillard Government in 2012 which aims to firstly combat the provision of the ageing population, and secondly to facilitate the enablement of the older population to live a higher quality of life and promote a positive ageing experience. Active ageing refers to the process of optimizing opportunities for health, participation and security in order to enhance quality of life as people age. This new aged care reform has multiple target populations including older individuals, carers, and aged care providers. The policy also targets employers by supporting them to enable older adults to remain in the workforce for longer, as well as culturally and linguistically diverse groups, the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Intersex community, veterans and Indigenous Australians. This essay will cover a background into this policy including a historical perspective. The essay will also highlight the key messages within this policy and will draw on and relate to occupational therapy models and practice. This essay will also include the relation of the policy to the health promotion principles. The Australian Government has identified that Australia’s population is ageing (Department of Health and Ageing, 2012). Rather than viewing this changing shift as an inconvenience due to the affect that ageing will have on labour supply, economic output, infrastructure requirements and governments’ budgets, the government has takenShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Client Centered Practice?1575 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Occupational therapy is a very holistic practice and believes in client-centered practice. I believe client-centered practice is extremely important in any health field. It is critical to create the therapeutic process based on the client’s wants and needs. I also believe a client will need a source of motivation in order to want to continue to work hard in their therapy. If a client is not motivated in their therapy, it is the therapist’s job to find something a motivating factorRead MoreResearch Study, Ward, Mitchell, And Price1299 Words   |  6 Pagesstudy, Ward, Mitchell, and Price (2007) address a major area of concern within the field of OT, the emphasis of occupation based practice in individual treatment sessions. They researched data dating back to the sixties in order to discover when in history the profession has strayed away from its foundational views In order to keep up with the traditional medical model, the OT profession lost sight of its core values and lost its unique contribution to the field as a holistic field (Kielhofner, 2004)Read MorePersonal Statement On Occupational Therapy1556 Words   |  7 Pagesof public health as defined -- why or why not? (this will likely take 1- 1  ½ pages) Occupational therapy is a profession that address the vital importance of people’s psychological and physical needs as well as emotional well-being. Occupational therapists focus on taking care of their clients through a holistic view by looking at how personal factors influence the disease process. In addition, occupation therapy practitioners are an important part in teaching and educating individuals the ways ofRead MoreThe Clinical Experience Of An Emergency Homeless Shelter For Young Men1202 Words   |  5 PagesUsually the fieldwork clinical experience is done in which a student is placed under the direct supervision by an established on-site occupational therapy practitioner (Mattila Dolhi, 2016). Over the past ten years, there has been a shift in occupational therapy concerning emerging practice areas and non-traditional settings, where occupational therapy services are not currently provided (Mattila Dolhi, 2016). These various types of settings support the shift toward wellness and recovery, psychosocialRead MoreEssay on Spiritual Needs and Occupational Therapy1365 Words   |  6 Pagesover definition have been emphasised by the interest shown in this subject over the past decade. A working definition to help to reduce confusion was presented at the College of Occupational Therapists annual conference in 2004 and it was felt that it would be useful both to review the attitudes and practices of occupational therapists in this area and to evaluate how they assess and meet spiritual needs. It appeared that practical spiritual needs were often thought of only in terms of religious andRead MoreThe Issues Regarding Payment For Treatment1684 Words   |  7 Pageshealth care is experiencing many potential ethical issues regarding payment for treatment. Among the practitioners facing these issues are occupational therapists, who are struggling to figure out how to provide quality care while upholding the reimbursement guidelines. Many patients a re covered by a variety of different insurance plans in the clinical practice field; payment for services is controlled by a variety of federal and private payment guidelines. This may often lead to a care level gapRead MoreThe Effects Of Occupational Therapy On The Health Of Individuals1422 Words   |  6 PagesOccupational therapy was founded on the principle that participation in meaningful activity is important to the health of individuals. Mental health is very important to the well-being of an individual and those around them. 450 million people experience mental and neurological disorders around the world. These disorders are the leading 5-10 causes of disability worldwide. As services for individuals with mental illness have shifted from the hospital to the community, there has also been a shiftRead MoreThe Importance Of Being An Occupational Therapist1496 Words   |  6 Pagesclient in an appropriate manner is an integral part of being an occupational therapist. Applying my basic knowledge of the practice framework and occupational therapy models I have chosen to evaluate the video featuring J.D. Through the viewing of this video and applying my knowledge I will evaluate the client’s performance skills and patterns, his expressed needs and wishes for therapy, and identify an applicable occupational model. The client, J.D., is a 49 year old male who at the time ofRead MorePain Case Study1732 Words   |  7 Pagesliving. The benefits of this modality in occupational therapy (at a cognitive level) can help the client to improve self-image, increase confidence, decrease stress and anxiety, and improve quality of life. Use of CAM Modalities, and its Implications for OT Research and Practice The occupational therapy practitioner must use suitable practice models to guide clinical reasoning in treatment planning and evaluation. Electroacupuncture may be used by occupational therapists as a preparatory method toRead MoreSocial Cognitive Modeling Characteristics : Analysis1062 Words   |  5 Pagescompetence, perceived similarity, credibility, and enthusiast. Looking at competency, within the occupational therapy profession, the process starts during the educational experience and flows into the clinical practice. Through the educational setting, theory is infused by using lab time, role play and hands on practice. Students are thought by practicing clinicians, experts in each specialized field of practice and setting. For example, practicing standardized testing of taking the range of motion (ROM)

Diabetes Education Free Essays

Nowadays, in the field of the diabetes, it is a common scenario that more and more people consider type 2 diabetes as a primary health concern.   For people working with or taking take of persons with diabetes, they are thankful that diabetes care is now getting nationwide recognition.   However, in certain matters, we can observe a lack of investment in continuing learning prospects for practitioners. We will write a custom essay sample on Diabetes Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to Cooper et al. (2002), in the year 2000, the Audit Commission recognized a discrepancy in knowledge and understanding regarding diabetes among patients, and a scarcity of evidence-based practice as well. In view of this fact, Cooper et al. (2005) carried out a study to determine the effects of a diabetes-specific health education program. Their research centered on what patients recognize to be valuable and beneficial to them in the educational approach espoused. The study stressed the necessity for an interdisciplinary method to patient education with regards to diabetes. Cooper et al. (2005) said that diabetes nurses have long been leading the activities in underatking such programs. The authors further asserted that the role of these diabetes nurses in cmoing up with a standardized approach to patient education training has to demonstrate good practice founded on research evidence of what works best and what is most applicable. Furthermore, Cooper et al. (2002) claimed that education has been stressed as a primary component of the treatment for diabetics. As a consequence, attention has therefore centered on the necessity for effective and efficient provision of education services that are both accessible and inclusive. Nevertheless, the Audit Commission has recognized gaps in present service provision. In addition, as stated earlier, the Commission likewise discovered serious and critical deficits in knowledge and understanding regarding diabetes among patients, and a scarcity of evidence-based practice. At present, the findings of the Commission are upsetting and disturbing, and this issue is expanded by the concentration on diabetes nurses as the major players in providing such treatment (Cooper et al., 2002.) Given these conditions and because of the constraints in continuing educational prospects it is now a concern if how could we maintain and preserve an informed and dynamic workforce for diabetes care where diabetes practitioners are under pressure (Phillips, 2006). It is also a question if diabetes is not interesting enough for workforce investment save for the pharmaceutical giants.   At present, several diabetes practitioners consider that this source of funding is the lone source that allows further or additional study. Meanwhile, Guirguis et al. (2006) declared that pharmacists could play a significant part in the health of diabetics. They said that an increasing body of research has showed that pharmacists could effectively and successfully offer care to diabetics and in several instances enhance their health outcomes as well.   In addition, Guirguis Chewning (2004) claimed that supposed pharmacy students’ role beliefs and patient reactions were strong predictors of pharmacy students’ reported purpose to inquire regarding the diabetes ABCs someday. In terms of diabetes education, Anderson et al. (2005) said that diabetes educators employ theories constantly, even if they are not conscious of it. The authors said that in order to teach, one should first have certain suppositions regarding how people gain knowledge of the matter and what comprises effective and successful teaching. Hence, the purpose of their study is to assist diabetes educators concerned in research and evaluation on how to choose the proper theories. Their study assessed the four (4) rationales of theories, specifically, description, explanation, control, and prediction, in addition to the extent to which a theory has been expressed and expanded. The authors also evaluated the significance of a theory’s explanatory power, its personal resonance, and its utility. Moreover, their study assessed how to employ one or more theories at every period of an evaluation or research or project. Moreover, Anderson et al. (2005) maintained that theories could be vital instruments for the purpose, comprehension, and carrying out of diabetes patient education research. The authors emphasized that they could be particularly useful in the design and assessment of intervention research as well. Furthermore, educational researchers will take advantage of the implementation of theories that reverberate with their experience, have been expanded by way of reflection and argument with their peers, and have been experimented by means of research. They likewise said that such theories would offer a coherent, powerful, and strong base on which to perform research studies. Moreover, Anderson et al. (2005) claimed that diabetes educators derive benefit from theory-based interventions that can be successfully converted into various settings numerous diabetes educators. Theory-based research that is the basis of effective interventions provides greater understanding of how to be effective educators and enhances the credibility of the profession. Synopsis Based on these studies, I can say that as diabetes received national public health recognition, it is somewhat confusing why investment is not being made to support and also protect the workforce involved in diabetes education in improving excellence in care and upholding care on the cusp of evidence-based delivery. Furthermore, I have learned that diabetes education must not be viewed as a luxury, but instead it should be regarded as a necessity because it is definitely a significant part of the clilical governance program of constant learning. Moreover, it will definitely be advantageous and beneficial for people with diabetes to recognize that the care that is being given to them is up-to-date and that they are being given the best alternatives. # References Anderson, R. et al. (2005).   Choosing and Using Theories in Diabetes Education Research.   The Diabetes Educator. Cooper, H. et al. (2002). Diabetes education: the patient’s perspective.   Journal of Diabetes Nursing. Guirguis, L. et al. (2006). Evaluation of Structured Patient Interactions: The Diabetes Check. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education. Guirguis, L. B. Chewning. (2004). Talking to pharmacists about diabetes: How to ask about monitoring clinical targets. Journal of American Pharmaceutical Association. Phillips, A. (June 2006).   Developing the diabetes workforce: no longer a priority? Journal of Diabetes Nursing. How to cite Diabetes Education, Papers

Knowledge Management A Personal Knowledge Network Perspective

Questions: Task 1: Assessing information and knowledge needs Task 2: Stakeholders, Personal networking and Decision-making process Task 3: Communication Processes in an Organisation Task 4: Improving Access to Systems of Information andKnowledge Answers: Task 1 1. To change the scenario that has been going on some radical decisions are to be taken to take care of the patients interests and to care of them from substandard treatment. The patient has to be kept in the frontline of everything and it can be done by adopting the following ways To put emphasis on and commitment to the common values of putting the patients life first of everything else throughout the system. To make the availability of standard healthcare systems and noncompliance to the substandard equipment. To make rigorous policies against the use of substandard equipment. To put forth strong leadership in professional values such as nursing and also provide steady support to the leadership roles. The information should be shared with one and all. It should be easily accessible by anyone who needs it or for performance comparison by any individual, service company or institution. Ensure that research is being undertaken by the organization is patient centered and not for monetary purpose. The outcome of the research should also be of importance to the patient. They should not be doing any personal favor to any patient by picking them for research but every patient should have the right to be involved in a research (Walshe, 2010). 2. The NHS is a very diverse organization and they have to find out the sources and information to decide the steps to be taken to implement the strategies of the institution to avert the situations that occurred (Ham, 2013). They can gather cases and then think about mitigation measures by the help of following sources The peer review is one of the important sources from where such cases can be identified. These reviews are made on the basis of concerns and very often they were serious concerns which raises questions of a safe service by the management and hence the information can be gathered from the reviews and acted upon to implement them. The auditors report also do the same work of identifying issues in the management and sending them to the boards for the deficiencies in the organizations risk management techniques. Therefore the reports can be studied and the faults could be figured out and hence mitigation measures can be sorted from the reports. Annual surveys are a great way of finding out the concerns regarding the staff and the patients who are the people involved in the surveys. Hence on studying the surveys the Trust may find out the exact positions the organization is lagging and also the branches which are not performing well, so that change can be brought about in the places required. The Royal college of Surgeons who reported the NHS to be lagging in surgical methods and reported their process as dysfunctional can be a good source of critical review and may point out the problems faced by the surgical department and implementations may be carried out accordingly (Ham, 2012). 3. The sources or the information can be gathered and implemented by the following members much better than any other sources. These people or groups are mentioned below Executive and the non-executive directors are the people responsible for the success of the NHS including the management of risk and compliance with relevant legislation. The audit committee can be a good source of maintenance of the risk management system. The internal auditors work with the audit committee as they have the in depth knowledge of the risks of the management in details. The chief executive is accountable for the maintenance of a good system of control and that supports the organization objective. The executive team is responsible for the review of the corporate risks. All the staff members are responsible for the management of the risks and are the best sources of information regarding the management of the hospital (Ham, 2011). 4. The following recommendations might improve the chances of the procedures of the organization There should be a rule of following the common values of the institution, it should be embedded and effectively communicated in the NHS constitution and should be owned and lived by all members of the organization. The patients must be the first priority of whatever is carried out by the NHS within the available resources, they must receive effective care, the staffs must be compassionate to the patients, the staffs must be committed and work with a common culture and the patients should be protected from any harm and receive utmost care. The constitution should comply with all codes of conduct and rules and regulation for the staff to comply with and obey them respectively. Everyones duty should be to comply with the given standards mentioned in the constitution (Ham, 2011). Task 2 1. The most important stakeholders who have high power and interest in the activities of the NHS are Commissioners HCC providers Staff side Local full time officers Special representatives Links HC employees East of England SHA Public health GPs Board members Monitor Local acute trusts In the next group comes the group B stakeholders who are often difficult to handle. They are generally regional representatives or from the legislative bodies. Most of the time they are inert but can force a huge blow to the organization. Therefore it is necessary to involve them in the objectives of the organization (Ham, 2010). The stakeholders in group C are very actively involved in the working of the organization, though they have very little influence but their contributions to the organization can be valuable. They are voluntary organization, local communities etc. The stakeholders in group D are very less involved and therefore only kept informed but not allowed to take any decisions. 2. The group B stakeholders should be involved in because they have strong links at AD level with CSF, they have strong board engagement, links the board and the director in place, puts the joint negotiating committee in place, they have excellent links at director and operation level with local acute trusts (Ham, 2006). The group B stakeholders are also approachable because they have good relation with health scrutiny committee, the interim head of communications get positive relationships with local media by showing positive news stories, develop strong local user groups and also develops a positive CQC relation. The group C stakeholders can be kept well informed as they can provide help in the user and patient feedback mechanisms in place, the impatient questionnaires are also kept in place (Dixon, 2005). The group D stakeholders are not needed to be involved. It is just a priority to maintain good social relation with them. 3. The stakeholders in group A i.e. GP Consortia allows in the new development of relations. The strengthening of JNC relations is made by the help of this group. They would help to rebuild a drowning system by maintaining fresh relations. The development of HCC relations with NHS has to be made as fast as possible (Coombes, 2008). The group B has to be given the job of developing relations with the CFT membership and governors, the consultation with CFT, development of the relationship with MPs and to engage as early as possible with Health and Wellbeing board. The group C has to be asked to work closely with the acute trusts to place the services into the community. Develop strategic partnership with the independent sector to secure business (Beecham, 2000). The group D can provide national stage to the organization to develop as a community provider. 4. The stakeholder has to be managed in the first place and then with a clear structure in place the plans can be strategized for the stakeholders. It will be managed as follows There will be a lead director for stakeholder engagement and this director will be responsible for overseeing engagement strategies and evaluate its effectiveness and report to the board. For the stakeholders in the group of key players, each stakeholder will have a director who will be the key link with the organization. The assistant directors are expected to be linked with the PBC group on a monthly basis and form strong relations with the key commissioning groups and develop strategic development strategies (Beecham, 2000). A bi-monthly stakeholder forum will be developed called stakeholder management committee where the directors and assistant directors will provide reports of advances and progress on key issues with key stakeholders. This will allow a key issue to be taken and then decide on it that when it will be implemented to allow the strategies of the organization to be executed as planned. Differential strategies are used to deal with different stakeholders and to plan what relation is to be developed with the stakeholder that is whether it should be concluded or extended (Amine Chatti, 2012). The specific strategies for the stakeholders will be as follows A targeted stakeholder management Executive to executive alignment of partners Operational links managed more actively Management of the proactive partnership Stakeholder events to involve partners and patients and improve relationships Service Development Panels developed to review service proposals. To increase the attendance at partner boards Task 3 1. The current report that is being shown is the report of Gloucestershire Hospitals of NHS foundation trust. All the members of the staff of the hospital has a major role to play in the effective communication and to develop the network of communication internally so that the good news of the foundation is spread all over the media. Communication is not limited to the communication team and is the responsibility of everyone involved in the foundation. Though some tasks are provided by the communications team i.e. leadership technical advice, guidance, and support on all technical issues (Drasgow, 2009). Some of the current responsibilities of the communications team are Brand and reputation management Media relations Internal communications Web and intranet development Campaign management Graphic design Project support for key corporate developments and service change To provide support in case of major accidents or planning Some of the internal communication techniques of the organization are spread across 7000 employees and more than one hospital sites. The present corporate communication plans of the organization are The intranet Outline magazine The monthly staff briefing leaflet send globally across e-mails and connected to the director. Global emails Screensavers Poster, leaflets and other printed materials 100 leaders event The methods of communicating with external media is in the following ways By the help of press releases News events, campaign interviews, photo calls Our websites Production of corporate materials- porters, documents and newsletters (Salmon and Young, 2011). 2. The principles to be followed to maintain appropriateness in the communication team and guide them to provide effective communication are as follows The strategy of the organization would be to justify everything they do to develop the objectives of the organization. The communication of the organization should be transparent i.e. honest and clear The communication is the core business of the organization and everyone has to contribute All communication is target based and specified for a certain group of stakeholders. There has to be continuous improvement in the communication to explore the best strategy to be adopted by the organization. To work hand in hand with other organization to avoid duplication of systems and processes (Yutani, Takahashi and Miyaoka, 2011). 3. The change in policies of the government is occurring every now and then and it is the duty of the NHS to keep developing the management. The reputation of an organization is built through the development of strong and valuable relationship with the key stakeholders, it is not possible by a single team to perform that task. The stakeholders are very important to the organization as they are the ones who develop the reputation by the help of their understanding with the staff as well as the external influences such as the media. The staff of though can be as good as the hospital gets but the external influences are much more difficult to manage. The speed with which external influence is developing it can build or destroy the reputation of an institution in seconds, therefore it is important to tread carefully. The staff morale has to be maintained constantly as the good staff morale influences more recruitment to the institution as well as retainment (Drasgow, 2009). Therefore the following improvements can be brought about in the organization To work with the patient experience team to gather information about the status of the reputation of the company, other informal influences such as the focus groups can also provide with such information. Produce monthly reputation report and pass it down to the executive team. Promote the value of relate and reputational capital among the staff so that material support can be gathered to make further improvements to the communication line. To review the internal and external branding to follow the best approach. To monitor and evaluate the media activity so that the reputation level can be assessed and build the communication channels accordingly. Develop a brand Centre to facilitate the use of branding to educate and empower others. 4. The best ways of developing ones personal overall communication skills is by developing 1. Basic listening skills- it is one of the most important skills one has to adopt to so that you can develop good communication skills. It is believed that one can retain only 50% of what they can hear, so if a person is in between a conversation he might have heard only half of what has being said and therefore chances of miscommunication occurs. The barriers to being a good listener are ways to pay undivided attention, to understand what one is listening to and what ones response should be. Resources of developing good listening skills are to be honest and open in the responses one shows to a particular discussion. One should also be respectful and thorough with the speaker. To ask questions to clarify if something was not understandable. One should never interrupt a speaker as it means that one is limiting their own chances of understanding the topic. The use of non-verbal signs is a sign of a good listener. Time scale of the development of skill depends on the user that whether he follows all the techniques and overcomes the barrier, if practiced wisely it can be possible in a day (Keir and Wilkinson, 2013). 2. Effective written communication- in todays times of email and text messages people would just send out a short email or text rather than call and talk. It is a very fast and efficient process and also leaves a document trail for work records. Written communication is the best way of communication yet very few people know how to and when to write and therefore this skill has to be developed (Salmon and Young, 2011). The barriers of a written communication is the complexity of the topic, more complex topics are better be verbally solved rather than written. Lengthy discussions should not be communicated through email. The important thing is to get the meaning of the conversation across. The resources of written communication is first and foremost to understand the subject of communication, it is also important to know the person one is writing to and the last but the important resource is organizing the writing properly. Time scale is quite long as it is a skill one has to develop (Yutani, Takahashi and Miyaoka, 2011). Task 4 1. Knowledge Management Systems are technologies that support knowledge management in any institution. It involves the generation of knowledge, the processing and coding of the knowledge so that it can be saved from data theft and then the distribution of the knowledge systematically. The aim of this report is to develop a knowledge management system for a college where the intellectual output of the organization can be preserved well using technology and can be explicitly accessed by individuals for the explicit knowledge but the tacit knowledge will be available for everyone for the development of the individuals (Freeze and Kulkarni, 2007). This knowledge can be useful to students as self-motivator, self-knowledge manager, team building, and innovator and solve problems. Knowledge is generated in all institutions, organizations, research Centres etc. and stored in form of books, projects, papers, dissertations, thesis etc. in education system many knowledge are developed locally a nd known as grey literature remains in the shadow of other books. The work of the knowledge management would be to make these literatures available for discussion. Knowledge management can transform organizational new levels of effectiveness, efficiency and scope of operation, by the use of advanced technology (Corrigendum, 2014). 2. Knowledge management helps the educational institutions to improve their capacity of gathering and sharing information and knowledge and the application of these knowledge to solve problems and support the research to continue the work. The knowledge management satisfies the needs of the employees in management level as well as the students in order to increase the quality of management as well as the enhancement of quality of lectures to the students (Bhatt, 2002). The following changes can be implemented in the current knowledge management of the institution (Hall, 2006) To mobilize the hidden implicit or tacit knowledge. To integrate knowledge from the institution and make it accessible to all. Identification of the missing knowledge The creation of new knowledge system Make the knowledge database more accessible Create a culture where knowledge is shared among all and experimentation techniques are applied to it. Codify and protect the new knowledge (Van Beveren, 2002). 3. The following implementations should be brought about in the educational system in general Ensure the governance, academic and examination reforms to be brought about and to establish linkages between school education, higher education and the job market. Expand the institutional base to accommodate more students and increase the capacity by the help of up gradation of knowledge management system to accommodate the extra occupants. Create an appropriate sharing model of the knowledge management system so that it can be shared not only among the students of the respective establishments but also among other institutions. Integrate the skill development processes of the institution by availing information from the knowledge management system to understand the current trends in corporate sectors. It will also promote a healthy competition among the institutions to keep contributing to the knowledge management systems to gain recognition (Amine Chatti, 2012). References Amine Chatti, M. (2012). Knowledge management: a personal knowledge network perspective.Journal of Knowledge Management, 16(5), pp.829-844. Beecham, L. (2000). NHS cancels record number of operations in England.BMJ, 320(7235), pp.599-599. Beecham, L. (2000). Tony Blair launches radical NHS plan for England.BMJ, 321(7257), pp.317-317. Bhatt, G. (2002). Management strategies for individual knowledge and organizational knowledge. Journal of Knowledge Management, 6(1), pp.31-39. Coombes, R. (2008). One in four NHS trusts in England fail hygiene standards.BMJ, 336(7658), pp.1393-1393. Corrigendum. (2014).Journal of Knowledge Management, 18(1). Dixon, J. (2005). Reforming the NHS in England.BMJ, 331(7520), pp.852-852. Drasgow, E. (2009). Teaching package increases conversational skills, play skills, emotional skills, and friendship skills of three young children with autism.Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention, 3(3), pp.165-167. Freeze, R. and Kulkarni, U. (2007). Knowledge management capability: defining knowledge assets. Journal of Knowledge Management, 11(6), pp.94-109. Hall, M. (2006). Knowledge management and the limits of knowledge codification.Journal of Knowledge Management, 10(3), pp.117-126. Ham, C. (2006). Reforms to NHS commissioning in England.BMJ, 333(7561), pp.211-212. Ham, C. (2010). The coalition government's plans for the NHS in England.BMJ, 341(jul14 2), pp.c3790-c3790. Ham, C. (2011). Competition in the NHS in England.BMJ, 342(feb14 2), pp.d1035-d1035. Ham, C. (2011). The NHS in England in 2012.BMJ, 343(dec21 1), pp.d8259-d8259. Ham, C. (2012). The NHS in England in 2013.BMJ, 346(jan02 1), pp.e8634-e8634. Ham, C. (2013). Regulating the NHS market in England.BMJ, 346(mar11 3), pp.f1608-f1608. Keir, A. and Wilkinson, D. (2013). Communication skills training in pediatrics.J Pediatric Child Health, 49(8), pp.624-628. Salmon, P. and Young, B. (2011). Creativity in clinical communication: from communication skills to skilled communication.Medical Education, 45(3), pp.217-226. Van Beveren, J. (2002). A model of knowledge acquisition that refocuses knowledge management. Journal of Knowledge Management, 6(1), pp.18-22. Walshe, K. (2010). Reorganization of the NHS in England.BMJ, 341(jul16 1), pp.c3843-c3843. Yutani, M., Takahashi, M. and Miyaoka, H. (2011). Changes in communication skills of clinical residents through psychiatric training.Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 65(6), pp.561-566.