Personality Development - 4478 Words

The development of the beliefs, moods, and behaviors that differentiate among people. The concept of personality refers to the profile of stable beliefs, moods, and behaviors that differentiate among children (and adults) who live in a particular society. The profiles that differentiate children across cultures of different historical times will not be the same because the most adaptive profiles vary with the values of the society and the historical era. An essay on personality development written 300 years ago by a New England Puritan would have listed piety as a major psychological trait but that would not be regarded as an important personality trait in contemporary America. Contemporary theorists emphasize personality traits having to†¦show more content†¦This strategy, which relies on induction, focuses on different characteristics at different ages. Infants differ in irritability, three-year-olds differ in shyness, and six-year-olds differ in seriousness of mood. A major problem with this approach is that each class of behavior can have different historical antecedents. Children who prefer to play alone rather than with others do so for a variety of reasons. Some might be temperamentally shy and are uneasy with other children while others might prefer solitary activity. The current categories of child psychopathology influenced the behaviors that are chosen by scientists for study. Fearfulness and conduct disorder predominate in clinical referrals to psychiatrists and psychologists. A cluster of behaviors that includes avoidance of unfamiliar events and places, fear of dangerous animals, shyness with strangers, sensitivity to punishment, and extreme guilt is called the internalizing profile. The cluster that includes disobedience toward parent and teachers, aggression to peers, excessive dominance of other children, and impulsive decisions is called the externalizing profile. These children are most likely to be at risk for later juvenile delinquency. The association between inability of a three-year-old to inhibit socially inappropriate behavior and later antisocial behavior is the most reliable predictive relation between a characteristic scene in the young child and later personality trait.Show MoreRelatedRole of education in personality developm ent13618 Words   |  55 Pageswhich one not only learns how to develop his traits but also know how one can achieve success in life by building his personality in such a way that one knows that yes this is an educated person why? because he is different from others he has a way to impress and to tell someone that yes he is a guy for the job and tell him that education s basic purpose is to develop his personality and not get skilled in a specific forgetting everything in life and the pupose of life to serve humanity kkkkkkkkkRead MorePersonality Theory Of Personality Development1325 Words   |  6 PagesMany personality theorists offered different explanations for human behaviors as well as established specific stages of personality development. However, person centered theory does not have a theory of personality structure, rather believes that it is essential to follow certain principles in order to develop the self-concept. Rogers’s theory of personality is based on the notion that all individuals have the innate ability to reach actualizing tendency and establish a self-concept, which is congruentRead MoreRelationship Between Personality And Personality Development1565 Words   |  7 Pagesstudy of biological, cognitive, social, and personality development throughout the life span† (Taylor, 2005, p.1). According to the readings, personality formation has been argued to be the result of nurture-as in the social environment, and temperament is the result of nature-as in genetic biology (Personality Development: Intimacy and healthy personality, n.d.) This is in actuality a complex interplay between the two forces that shape our personalities as we grow and become healthy adults. FamilyRead MoreExploring Personality Development Business in India2366 Words   |  10 Pagesgo for personality development in India in between students, businessmen, corporates, etc. This study research aims at exploring the unexplored market of personality development business in India. Apart from just exploring the market the research also tries to study the scope of personality development business in the near future. The research also tries to analyze the role; personality development plays in the overall success of a person. In addition to this, the intrusion of personality developmentRead MoreEssay on Personality Development1807 Words   |  8 PagesThis paper explores three different theories to discuss (Alex Blake’s) personality development. I will explore diffe rent online personality test as well as breaking down some of the way Alex reactions to different circumstances as I evaluate some of her reactions and conclude if she is adaptive or maladaptive to the situation(s) We’re raised to believe for every cause there is an effect, Newtons Third Law of Motion states For every action there is equal and opposite reaction. Thus people actRead MoreThe Theory Of Personality Development Essay1128 Words   |  5 Pagesthey respond to times the way that they do? Personalities, everyone has a different personality. Personality development are the patterns of thoughts, feelings and behaviors that set you apart from another individual. Many of the theories revolve around that personality is something that begins when you are an infant. Adult personality traits are one of the personalities believed to be based off of infant temperament. That means that their personality traits begin to differ early on in life. SomeRead MoreGrowth And Development Of Personality Psychology1208 Words   |  5 PagesCorissa Beairsto Personality Psychology 321 09/1/2014 Growth and Development in Personality Psychology With the growing research in Psychology, we find the question, â€Å"how did we get this way,† more common in development across the lifespan. (Cervone Parvin, 2013) Personality theorists are looking more at this question, pushing to understand personality development even more. Two main challenges are faced while studying personality development; the patterns of development consistent with what mostRead MoreHuman Nature And Development Of Personality2356 Words   |  10 Pagesfeelings (Croake, 1975). This paper explains how the views of human personality as holistic can explain maladjustment in the client, Allen, a 34-year-old male who experiences episodes of depression. The paper will explore Allen’s personality and the relationship between those past experiences and maladjustment. Human Nature and Development of Personality Croake (1975) argued the human being is a whole, not just parts. Then personality can only be expressed if we take into consideration all aspects ofRead MorePersonality And Personality Development : Freud S Psychosexual Stages And Structure Of Personality1300 Words   |  6 PagesPERSONALITY Personality can be defined as the stable pattern of behavior, thoughts, motive and emotions that characterizes an individual. (Wade, Tavris, Gary, 2014). This means personality deals not only with the way we behave but deals with our emotions i.e. our feelings; it deals with our thoughts the way we think about some certain things that defines us as individuals. Personality is also the habitual way of behaving, thinking and feeling. (Class note). Personality is also the combinationRead MorePsychology and Impact Personality Development1997 Words   |  8 Pages1. Define personality. 2. Analyze how biological, situational and mental processes impact personality development. 3. Discuss social and cultural contributions to personality development. 4. Describe the major dispositional theories of personality. 5. Describe the major process theories of personality. 6. Evaluate the major personality theories. 7. Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of commonly used personality assessment techniques, validity, reliability. Define personality. Personality

Gender Discourse Gender And Discourse - 892 Words

Gender plays a role in shaping our identity. It gives us a sense of character and labels us as a conventional person in society. As a man or woman, an individual is forced to conform to accepted conducts, portrayals, actions and characteristics that are deemed â€Å"the norm† for their required sex. By creating these gender â€Å"roles†, society is initiating a biased view of erroneous abstractions that are associated with males and females. These gender â€Å"roles† are not always true for each man or woman as everyone has their own intentions, ideas and perceptions regardless of what sex they are. One major ongoing issue that is ever present in humanity today is gender discourse. Discourse is the affiliation of expression and actions. Philosophers connect discourse to influencing frameworks in a specific community and thus a relationship is made between gender and discourse. Discourse cannot be mentioned without acknowledging the work of French philosopher Michel Foucault. Foucault’s studies on gender and discourse concentrate on the relation among gender and power. His analysis centres on the contrast amidst the method in depicting men and women in discourse. The aim of this reasoning is to discover the implied inferences of gender reciprocity and the hidden power orders these mutualisms publish. Whilst most individuals comprehend that gender roles are inaccurate, there are still a handful that create premises centred on gender such as believing that all men like sports and that everyShow MoreRelatedGender, Social Class, And Slut Discourse On Campus1312 Words   |  6 Pages1. â€Å"Good Girls†: Gender, Social Class, and Slut Discourse on Campus Authors: Elizabeth A. Armstrong, Laura T. Hamilton, Elizabeth M. Armstrong and J. Lotus Seeley Citation: Armstrong, E. A. et al. Good Girls: Gender, Social Class, And Slut Discourse On Campus. Social Psychology Quarterly 77.2 (2014): 100-122. Web. 17 Feb. 2016. The journal article addresses the issue of undergraduate women using slut shaming and the actual reason women participate in it. 2. The theory being tested in the articleRead MoreGender, Social Class, And Slut Discourse On Campus Essay1482 Words   |  6 Pagesneglected in their social life. Collectively Elizabeth A. Armstrong; Laura T. Hamilton; Elizabeth M. Armstrong; and J. Lotus Seeley composed an article, ‘ Good Girls : Gender, Social Class, and Slut Discourse on Campus’ in 2014 for Social Psychology Quarterly (p. 100-122), utilizing observations on social psychology, gender, and culture to argue that undergraduate females exploit shaming to construct social barriers around status groups—along with overseeing sexual behavior and social relationsRead MoreAnalysis Of Alison Lester s 2009-2010 Book Series1312 Words   |  6 PagesLester’s 2007-2008 book series, Bonnie and Sam, it is the aim to investigate if representations continue to construct and naturalise ‘traditionally acceptable models of gender’ in contemporary Australian children’s literature. Research background: Since the 1970s, there has been a significant increasing in academic interest surrounding gender in children’s literature. Peter Hunt (2009) argues literature has gained academic focus as society comes to recognise how it can shape it â€Å"in fundamental and long-lastingRead MoreAnalysis Of Foucault And Queer Theory 1211 Words   |  5 PagesTheory Spargo defines queer theory as a nebulous group of cultural criticism and analysis of social power structures relating to sexuality . It is these power structures and aspects of culture that are responsible for the discourse that creates and informs ones understanding of gender, race, and sexuality. However these aspects of identity do not exist separately from one another, but are constructed in tandem throughout history. These layers of identity inform each other in a way that is difficultRead MoreCritique. This Critique Seeks To Provide Contextualisation1355 Words   |  6 Pagesinvestigations into gendered representatio ns in children’s literature, and the mechanisms that underpin their construction and reproduction. The key aim is to explore possible shifts within gender representation in children’s literature. Hamilton et al. (2006) argue that although there have been changes, over time, to gender representations, improvements have been mitigated by both the underrepresentation of female characters and a continued tendency to cast girls in â€Å"passive roles, boys in active ones†Read MoreDiscourse Community Project : Discourse1705 Words   |  7 PagesDiscourse Community Project 1 According to Porter, â€Å"A ‘discourse community’ is a group of individuals bound by a common interest who communicate through approved channels and whose discourse is regulated. A discourse community shares assumptions about what objects are appropriate for examination and discussion, what constitutes ‘evidence’ and ‘validity’ and what formal conventions are followed (38-39).† These five texts collectively constitute a community of discourse through their application ofRead MoreCritical Discourse Analysis1510 Words   |  7 PagesCritical Discourse Analysis Social communication is increasingly becoming a subject of scientists’ discussions from different disciplines, as well as ordinary language users.  In contemporary social sciences, especially in linguistics, we see a clear shift to discourse.  Discourse allows us to talk about use of the language, as well as the language as a socio-cultural activity.  In this sense, discourse, on one hand, reflects the social reality, on the other hand, it shapes it, therefore participateRead MoreThe Constructions of Gender1094 Words   |  4 PagesConstructions of Gender Authors name Authors institutional affiliation Authors note Constructions of Gender There are many different ways that people understand what their culture prescribes as appropriate behavior for males and females. While there are a variety of ways that people are socialized and acculturated with respect to gender, mass media, in its various forms, is the primary way that people learn how to act as a girl or boy. Mass media is a powerful method of communication, entertainmentRead MoreThe Reality Of The Lgbtq Community1404 Words   |  6 Pagespop culture has wide-reaching influence to generate new sets of values and ideals in audiences (Fedorak 2009). Originating in mainstream pop culture, discourses of gender and sexuality The Kids Are All Right and The Fosters support homonormative politics, which privileges some lesbian mothers as intelligible over others. At differing levels, the gender and motherhood ideals they contain ignore the diverse experiences of lesbian motherhood. They appear progressive at face value, even queer at timesRead MoreThe Messages Of Youths Receive From The Two Important Sources Of Information, Parents And Friends1126 Words   |  5 Pagessexual discourses and their related messages. The first discourse was the gender-specific double standard discourse. The gender-specific double standard discourse acknowledges that boys and girls are socialized differently in terms of sexual behavior, and what is appropriate. When studying the messages from this discourse, the study looked to examine the extent to which gender-specific double standard messages are given, as well as the implications of receiving them. The second discourse was the

Israel Exile Period Essay Example For Students

Israel Exile Period Essay In 586 B.C.E. the neo-Babylonian armies of Nebuchadnezzar raided and destroyedthe city of Jerusalem, forcing its people to flee. The majority of the Judeanleaders and aristocracy were relocated in Babylon, and lived in relativeisolation from even their captors. The Exile robbed them of their wealth, theirhomes, their nation, and even their king; religion offered the only seed ofidentity for this uprooted people. So it was during this time of Exile that aflourishing of religious texts were written and compiled, in an attempt toexplain the causes of their misfortune, and enable the people to comprehendtheir suffering (Meyers, Haggai xxxviii). In general, the Psalter reflects thetrue emotions of the ancient Israelites, more so than do most Biblical texts, asit is a compilation of their troubles and fears, their hopes, aspirations,and reasons for confidence. (Metzger and Murphy 674 OT) In Psalm 137, anExilic text, a wide range of emotions are shown: longing and mourning for theirlost nat ion (Ps 137:1-3), the sadness and confusion they felt while in theforeign land (Ps 137:4-6), and even the desire for a violent revenge (Ps137:7-9). The same range of emotions can be seen in Second Isaiah, though thiswork was written immediately before the fall of Babylon (October 29,539B.C.E.) and displays more of the Judeans thoughts on their future. It is acompilation of passages of hope, promises of God to fulfill His covenant, andthreats of violence for the unbelievers. The majority of the Exilic andPost-Exilic texts call for a bloody and merciless revenge on their captors, andit would be easy to assign this outlook for all of the Jewish people of thetime. Upon close inspection however, it becomes apparent that not all Jews caredabout a bloody justice, and that some just wanted to go home and be done withit. Both of these views, (both bloody and not), are found in Isaiah 42 and theproximity of the conflicting persuasions highlight their differences. In Isaiah42:3, a pacifistic, reserved justice is called for; a bruised reed he willnot break, and a dimly burning wick he will not quench: he will faithfully bringforth justice. Yet in just a few stanzas later, there is a call for blood. The Lord goes forth like a soldier, like a warrior he stirs up his fury; hecries out, he shouts aloud, he shows himself mighty against his foes. (Isaiah42:13) By comparing these two quotes, it becomes readily apparent that the ideathat all Judeans wanted a violent revenge must be thrown out. While in Exile,the Jewish people held many expectations of their future, not all of whichagreed with one another, nor were fulfilled. Returning to the Promised Land wasthe main focus of Exile, and it evolved into a paradise of sorts, whereeverything would be perfect. There are visions of God blessing the peoplerestored in their land, and their work being more than fruitful throughout theExilic texts. For I will pour water on the thirsty land, and streams on thedry ground; I will pour my spirit upon your descendants, and my blessing on youroffspring. (Isaiah 43:3) Haggai, a text written after Cyrus overthrow ofthe Babylonians, depicts a much different scene than the one envisioned inIsaiah. (Metzg er and Murphy 1217 OT) Therefore the heavens above you havewithheld dew, and the earth has withheld its produce. And I have called for adrought on the land and the hills, on the grain, the new wine, the oil, on whatthe soil produced, on human beings and animals, and on all their labors. (Hag1:10-11) This quote describes a state of affairs far different than what theIsraelite people imagined their future to be. The Jewish people, besidesdepicting a skewed view of their future, also disagreed on how that futureshould be run. While in Exile they were not allowed to have a king for obviousreasons, and due to this power vacuum, the priest was raised in status (Meyersand Meyers, Zechariah 169). Despite the fact that Haggai and Zechariah werecontemporaries, and even cohorts, they did not agree on the place of the priestonce a king had been restored (Metzger and Murphy 1217OT). Throughout the bookof Haggai, the prophet shares all of his visions with both the governor and thehigh priest, exc ept for his very last oracle. In this oracle, he prophesies therise of the Jewish king, and the restoration of power to the people. He onlyaddresses this to the governor, and not to the priest, thereby returning thepriest to the lesser position that they held pre-Exile. On the other hand, thebook of Zechariah alludes to the importance of the priest and the king. Thereshall be a priest by his throne, with peaceful understanding between the two ofthem. (Zech 6:13) The people of Exile held many different ideas about theirfuture and their return to the Promised Land, yet there were common themes inall of the writings. The hope of the people, and their faith that they would berestored to their land, was unwavering and outstanding. During this hardshipthey turned to faith to unite them as a people and to give them hope and it isevident that this at least was a universal truth for the ancientIsraelites. .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d , .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d .postImageUrl , .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d , .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d:hover , .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d:visited , .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d:active { border:0!important; } .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d:active , .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uff96fd00a6520240f6103d752a461e3d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Burial Practices Of The Ancient Egyptian And Greco-Roman Cultures EssayBibliographyMetzger, Bruce M. and Roland E. Murphy. The New Oxford Annotated Bible. NewYork: Oxford University Press, 1989. Meyers, Carol E. and Eric M. Meyers. Haggai, Zechariah 1-8. Vol. 25B. The Anchor Bible Series. New York: Doubleday,1993. Meyers, Carol E. and Eric M. Meyers. Zechariah 9-14. Vol. 25C. The AnchorBible Series. New York: Doubleday, 1987.

Successes and Failures of the Ford Motor Company free essay sample

A paper which assesses the reasons for the successes and failures of the Ford Motor Company, according to Collins and Porras text 12 Myths of Successful Businesses in their book on the subject. According to the book Built To Last: Successful Habits of Visionary Companies by James Collins and Jerry Porras, the Ford Motor Company is one of the paradigmatic examples of successful enterprise in the American automobile industry. Like the image it has projected of its automobiles, the firm itself is a model of durability and consistency. This paper examines the reasons for the successes and some of the failures of the company according to the principles outlined in Collins and Porras text, what they call their 12 Myths of Successful Businesses, that are outlined and exploded over the course of the books analysis. Ford Motors company has produced products that have changed not only the automobile industry but American corporate and popular culture as a whole, including such models as the Model T of the first half of the 20th century and later the Mustang. We will write a custom essay sample on Successes and Failures of the Ford Motor Company or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (Collins and Porras pp. 2-4) Innovate, Motivate, Lead, proclaims the corporate slogan of Ford upon its 100th anniversary as a company. The company pioneered the assembly line system of automobile manufacturing. In this system, the parts and vehicles themselves moved rather the individuals doing the manufacturing. This system enabled the company to manufacture the first automobile, known as the Model T, which was affordable and accessible on a mass scale to ordinary American families.

Rogerian Speech Example

Rogerian Speech Example Rogerian Speech – Coursework Example Rogerian Speech Rogerian Speech The cases of abortion have increased rapidly over the past decade. The rapid rise in the number is due to the high cost of living and unwanted pregnancies. There have been controversies on whether abortion should or should not be done. Personally, I believe that in abortion be practiced. Abortion of an unborn child due to an unwanted pregnancy is unethical. Justification for several arguments for abortion is valid. First, when the chances are that the child being born will have a severe mental or physical disability. Additionally, if a doctor proves that the progress of pregnancy will cause a greater risk to the life of the mother and lastly if continuing the pregnancy will result to negative mental or physical abilities of the mother. Only in this circumstances should abortion be done.In cases where a woman gets pregnant, whether from rape or by a mistake, she should keep the child. The people against this belief are for the idea that an unwanted chil d is as good as a dead child. They argue that the birth may terminate the education of the teenage mother and that a baby born out of rape is an abomination. Having the arguments in mind, I believe that killing of a fetus is similar to killing a baby because life begins at conception. Abortion causes intense psychological stress and pain, therefore, is not a good form of contraception. Abortion is further not justified because self-control can prevent pregnancy. Additionally, many Americans are willing to adopt, hence there is no point in claiming that the child is unwanted. I would win the other side by convincing them that I understand their views on the topic, and yet I still stand by my current opinion against abortion. My belief will, hence, appear stronger. From the speech above, the people for the idea of abortion will understand why the other side (against abortion) is stronger in views, hence will adopt by opinions.I have used arguments in Rogerian style in my studies. I wi ll use the form again because it helps to win over the teacher who has opposing views to mine. It proves to him that I understand why he believes in a concept, and yet I opt for my current opinion.ReferencesRobinson, P. (2015). How to Write a Rogerian Essay. The Classroom | Synonym. Retrieved 16 June 2015, from http://classroom.synonym.com/write-rogerian-essay-4826.htmlLowen, L. (2015). 10 Common Arguments For and Against Abortion. About.com News & Issues. Retrieved 16 June 2015, from http://womensissues.about.com/od/reproductiverights/a/AbortionArgumen.htm

Orbital Definition and Example

Orbital Definition and Example Orbital Definition In chemistry and quantum mechanics, an orbital is a mathematical function that describes the wave-like behavior of an electron, electron pair, or (less commonly) nucleons. An orbital may also be called an atomic orbital or electron orbital. Although most people think of an orbit regarding a circle, the probability density regions that may contain an electron may be spherical, dumbbell-shaped, or more complicated three-dimensional forms. The purpose of the mathematical function is to map the probability of the location of an electron in a region around (or theoretically inside) an atomic nucleus. An orbital may refer to an  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹electron cloud having an energy state described by given values of the n, â„“, and mâ„“ quantum numbers. Every electron is described by a unique set of quantum numbers. An orbital can contain two electrons with paired spins and is often associated with a specific region of an atom. The s orbital, p orbital, d orbital, and f orbital refer to orbitals that have an angular momentum quantum number  Ã¢â€žâ€œÃ‚   0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The letters s, p, d, and f come from the descriptions of alkali metal spectroscopy lines as appearing sharp, principal, diffuse, or fundamental. After s, p, d, and f, orbital names beyond  Ã¢â€žâ€œÃ‚  Ã‚  3 are alphabetical (g, h, i, k, ...). The letter j is omitted because it isnt different from i in all languages. Orbital Examples The 1s2 orbital contains two electrons. It is the lowest energy level (n 1), with an angular momentum quantum number â„“ 0. The electrons in the 2px orbital of an atom are generally found within a dumbbell-shaped cloud about the x-axis. Properties of Electrons in Orbitals Electrons display wave-particle duality, which means they exhibit some properties of particles and some characteristics of waves. Particle  Properties Electrons have particle-like properties. For example, a single electron has a -1 electrical charge.There are an integer number of electrons around an atomic nucleus.Electrons move between orbitals like particles. For example, if a photon of light is absorbed by an atom, only a single electron changes energy levels. Wave Properties At the same time, electrons behave like waves. Although its common to think of electrons as individual solid particles, in many ways they are more like a photon of light.Its not possible to pinpoint the location of an electron, only describe the probability of finding one within a region described by a wave function.Electrons dont orbit the nucleus like Earth orbits the Sun. The orbit is a standing wave, with the energy levels like harmonics on vibrating string. An electrons lowest energy level is like the fundamental frequency of a vibrating string, while higher energy levels are like harmonics. The region that might contain an electron is more like a cloud or atmosphere, except a spherical probability only applies when an atom only has a single electron! Orbitals and the Atomic Nucleus Although discussions about orbitals almost always refer to electrons, there are also energy levels and orbitals in the nucleus. The different orbitals give rise to nuclear isomers and metastable states.

Nike Case Study on their Supply Chain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nike Case Study on their Supply Chain - Essay Example People from various places across the globe have different tastes for different products hence the need to satisfy these as a way of gaining competitive advantage globally. The other competitive priority for Nike is the need to be cognisant of the changes in consumer behaviour. Consumer wants and needs are different from various parts of the globe hence the need to make an effort to identify and satisfy these so as to be able to remain viable. The cost advantage is another competitive priority for Nike. This is seen as a strategy that is meant to bring goods of an acceptable quality to the market with comparatively lower production costs than its competitors (Strydom 2004). This is achieved through careful and effective management of the cost drivers for the business where it seeks to be a low cost producer while at the same time retaining competitive advantage (Strydom 2004). The other competitive priority that can be adopted by Nike is differentiation. According to Porter (1985:120), differentiation is â€Å"the process when the company provides something unique that is valuable to buyers beyond simply offering low price.† Thus, differentiation strategy is mainly concerned with identifying unique features about a particular product that have a broad perceived value in the market. 2. Nike should reduce product proliferation in an attempt to reduce their supply chain complexity and costs. Product proliferation suggests that there is a rapid growth of a particular product which may be counter-productive as far as demand and supply are concerned. According to the law of demand and supply, when there is high demand the price is likely to go up and this means an increase in the production of new products where costs are likely to be recovered while at the same time an increase in supply will lower the prices (Kotler 1999). Oversupply of products can result in

Sales proposal to Apple Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sales proposal to Apple Inc - Essay Example I am the marketing manager at Amazon and I am writing on my behalf of my team. The purpose of this proposal is to offer you an opportunity into venturing into bed time stories for kids via our iPhone application.The world is advancing rapidly and no one knows that better than the geniuses at Apple. Every young should have access to all kinds of fun and exciting reading. ‘Bedtime Stories for Kids’ would be an I-phone based application that we propose to make; It will have the best literature for all children of all ages and would be made in the most user-friendly way for the parents to read out to their children via iPhone. It will be a very colorful application that would be specifically designed by Darren Smith, the famous children’s illustrator. It will contain very intriguing black and white drawings, pictures from famous artists in the children world and various other illustrations. It will also comprise of fascinating stories, fairy tales, myths, legends, hum or stories, fiction and accounts on lives of great men and women. It would be the most ideal application for parents who are too busy to go to book stores to fetch books for their children. They can cash in on this application and read it aloud to youngsters and children. The most amazing part of the offer is that, we are willing to make the entire application free of cost and willing to allocate 30 % of the revenue from the sale of stores to Apple. As this is only an application, there will be no shipping and other storage costs. We will also take care of the marketing of our application. This proposal will deal with other raw facts about Amazon and how we plan to go about marketing the application. Amazon.com is stationed in the United States. It is a multi-national electronic commerce company. Its headquarters are based in Seattle, Washington. Currently, it is America’s biggest online retailer. Its sales are three times the Internet a sale of Staples, Inc. Amazon was found in 1994 by Jeff Bezos. He launched it online in 1995. The company’s first name was Caracara Inc. Amazon’s name was very strategically chosen. It was chosen in conjunction with Amazon River. It is the largest river in the world, and begins with the letter â€Å"a†. Amazon.com hit off as an online bookstore. However they soon diversified their portfolio and ventured into selling DVDS, CDs, and MP3 downloads software’s, games, electronics, food, toys, furniture and apparel. They started spreading out from United States and established bases in Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan and China. Amazon’s business strategies: Amazon built its competitive edge on three core strategies. These were: 1. Cost Leadership 2. Customer differentiation 3. Focus Under its cost leadership strategy Amazon has stood out by offering rock-bottom prices. It provides good quality products at low prices. Its prices can’t be matched by its competitors. Th is makes it an obvious choice for customers. Under the second strategy, Amazon offers current and prospective customers differentiation via convenience. It is one of the largest e-stores at the moment. Its product assortment is huge. It capitalizes on its huge product assortment, fast and efficient delivery and efficient services. It has focused on 4 primary areas for its focus strategy. These include the 1. Product focus. 2. Customer focus 3. Technology focus 4. Distribution focus As mentioned before, Amazon has a huge product assortment. Its product assortment has always attracted customers. Technology has always been central to Amazon’s business. It is an e-commerce business, a virtual market place, where every transaction is done online. For the iPhone application we will focus on cost leadership and a customer focus strategy for the Children’s book application. Amazon’s E-marketing Strategy for the application: Amazon plans to ensure that it offers lowest p rices for most of the popular stories that it would be offering in the application.

Employee Volunteer Program Essay Example for Free

Employee Volunteer Program Essay Employee volunteer program is a major part of the Corporate Citizenship profile that has become an intrinsic agenda of many successful companies, who understand the value of community service and are ready to contribute their resources in its various forms to such gesture. This is because the importance of employee development is overwhelming: it extends to the company, the employee and the community in which the program is launched. This concept of employee volunteer program describes a situation a company sets a mission statement and proposes goals with a view to contributing to the community in which they live, by getting their employee involved in charity, giving, and community services. These seeming philanthropic activities are targeted at a particular community, usually that which the company serves with its products and services. This agenda is an indispensable program for excellent companies: it is important because it contributes to the Corporate Citizenship Outlook of the company which is promoted among the members of such community. A detailed look at the benefits of the plan has made intelligent company leaders and boards to incorporate it into their company’s mission statement. Really, the importance of corporate social responsibility can not be overemphasized. The benefits are enormous: it is a win-win situation for all. The employees, if well incorporated into the agenda, are strengthened in human relationships, and there is increased employee loyalty. Loyalty is fast promoted when the program recognizes, acknowledges and duly appreciates employee contribution to the company. The company social image is promoted because of such programs. It increases its ability to penetrate the society, and convince it of its products or services; it also makes the organization ‘ a good corporate citizen’. Communities benefit directly from the program: there is associated development. A section of the society is improved through the charity, giving and other forms the program could have taken. Everyone smiles home. And this impact makes the community another marketable centre for the organization, and an extension of its advertising unit. Its benefits outweigh its costs. However, those are also very important as it makes a decision to incorporate such a balanced one: the financial implications are enormous since it is usually a charity parade. This is one of the major costs that the company battles with. It is only with effective communication that employees see the need for it; otherwise, it won’t achieve it set goals. This implies that companies should be ready to create a viable structure for it, fund such and promote it even to the employees that would be involved. Since it is a volunteer, it stands the risk of non-compliance if this structure and communication are not in place. However, employee volunteer program promotes the Company, its employee and the community served. It is a good agenda for a corporate social responsibility.

Essay --

The French and Indian war began in the year of 1754. The war began when a group of Virginian Settlers went to claim land, given to them by the king, near the Ohio River. When they arrived, the French kicked them out and would not let them have the land. As tensions slowly rose, Major George Washington led a group of Virginians to where the French had staked their claim. After being politely yet sternly sent away, Washington and his troops decided to camp out while reinforcements arrived. This is not for free. Don't steal. After arming themselves and the reinforcements, Washington and his men attacked the fort. After killing ten men, capturing twenty-one, and letting one escape, the first battle of the French-Indian War had ended. War erupted between France and Great Britain in the new world, and in England. The French and Indian War brought many hardships upon the colonists, whom were caught in the middle of the whole fiasco: the war changed ownership of certain colonies in the new w orld; acts were put into effect to help pay off war debt, and influential people from the Revolutionary war got their reputation in war and government from this war. One major effect of the French-Indian War was that some colonies in the new world changed in terms of ownership. Some of France’s colonies in present-day Canada were signed over to Great Britain after the war. Florida was also was signed away after Spain failed in their attempt to ruin the English. The English settled along the eastern seaboard in Georgia and the Carolinas. The French controlled Louisiana in the South and, to the far North, Acadia and Northeast Canada, where the Cherokee, Catawba, Creek, Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians lived. Don't steal this paper. The region in between th... ... Braddock was killed. George Washington escaped unharmed and led the survivors in retreat. Later, he would lead his men in a battle with heir own mother country with his strong leadership skills. The French-Indian war ended on September 8, 1760. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on February 10, 1763, which resulted in France's loss of all its North American possessions east of the Mississippi River, excluding New Orleans. The war was one that brought an enormous amount of change to the colonies and their owners and left a trail of debt for France and England to take care of. However, the war would be a spark for changes later on in the colonies' history. The whole war changed the way the current king, King George III, would view Britain’s colonies. He would give taxes, not only for the sake of war debt, but for increased defense for the colonies.

Hinduism and the Religion’s Worldviews Essay

Hinduism is not merely a religion, it is also a philosophy and the culture in India, and it has already been a marked part of their everyday living. So much so that everything aspect of their daily lives goes back to it; and it has 950 million followers to wit (mostly from India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka and Pakistan). Hinduism ranks third as the world’s largest religion after Christianity and Islam, and it is also said to be one of the world’s oldest organized religion along with Judaism (VandeWeghe, 2007). Hinduism and Christianity differ in many ways, and it is rational that there are disagreements and contradictions when two people from different religions involve themselves in a conversation regarding their beliefs. The purpose of this paper is to discover an effective way to build a pleasant relationship with a Hindu in order to be able to share the gospel with them. In order to accomplish this aim, this paper will discuss the origin, beliefs, practices and the views of Hinduism about Christianity and how they differ from the said religion. Hinduism: A Closer Look According to Robinson (2007), besides being called â€Å"Hinduism†, it is also referred to as Sanata Dharma (eternal religion) and Vaidika Dharma (religion of the Vedas). Hinduism has no specific founder and the day that it was born is still unknown; however, there are two theories regarding the origin of the religion. One is the Classical Theory which explains that Hinduism originated at the Indus Valley around 4000BCE to 2200BCE and that its development was due to various foreign invasions particularly of the Indo-Aryan for they are the ones who were said to have brought the religion of Vedism. The other is the Emerging Theory which went against the first theory by proving that there were no foreign invasions along the Indus Valley and that the Vedic religion (Hinduism at 1500BCE to 500BCE) was allowed to flourish by the same group of people who later called themselves Aryan. The Hindu scriptures as well as literatures, which are even older than the Bible’s Old Testament, are the sources of the religion’s beliefs and practices. The most sacred Hindu scriptures are the four Vedas (Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda and Atharva Veda) which consists of hymns, incantations, rituals and explanations – among which the Rig Veda (1700BCE to 1100BCE) is said to be the oldest. There are also the Upanishads which discussed â€Å"states of consciousness, dreams, meditations, self-realizations and unity†; the Darshanas which consists of six philosophical system and teachings derived from the Vedas; and lastly and the most recent, the Puranas which tells the stories of the most recent gods (Reid & Corduan, 2008). Hinduism also has the two great epics that show the virtues and ideals that are significant to the religion; the first is the Ramayana which is a tale about a prince named Rama and his wife, Sita, and the Mahabarata, a collection of poems which states the duties of a â€Å"religious, law-abiding man† (Mason, 2000). Not only is Hinduism one of the oldest and largest religions, it is also said to be the most complex one (McDowell, 2002). There are various beliefs in Hinduism and one of them is the very popular and highly criticized Caste System which is said to be the cause of inequality and harsh laws in India. There are four main castes; the Brahmin (priest-teachers), kshatriyas (soldier-nobles), vaishyas (merchants) and sudras (servants). In the early periods, it was supposed to be part of the divine order, however, as years passed by, subcastes were developed and there came the outcastes or the untouchables – people who do not belong to any of the four main castes (Perry, 1989). Associated with this system are other beliefs. The belief that each of them have dharma (duty), depending on which caste they were born into; they also believe in karma and samsara (reincarnation) – thus, they believe that if they do their duty properly, they will have good karma and will be reincarnated into a higher class. On the contrary, if they did not, they might be reincarnated to the lower class or even as an animal. Their goal is to achieve moksha (release), which is their concept of salvation. Here they would not be liberated from sin but to life existence itself for they believe that as long as they are in the maya (phenomenal world) suffering would never stop because of karma and samsara. Moksha can be attained in three ways, by â€Å"way of works†, â€Å"way of knowledge† and â€Å"way of devotion† (bhakti) which is the most popular one, in which a person will completely devote himself to a certain god and the latter will take care of everything in his behalf (Reid & Corduan, 2008). In early Hinduism, Jesus Christ has no particular role in the religion and is not even mentioned in their scriptures; however, due to the rise of Christianity, Hindu thinkers thought of a place where they could put Jesus Christ in their religion. According to Reid and Corduan (2008), since Hinduism is a polytheistic religion, the Hindus viewed Jesus Christ as one of the incarnations or avatars of Brahman who, like Rama and Krishna, is a â€Å"divine self-embodiment† in order to preserve Hindu teachings and another way was by saying that Jesus Christ spent his â€Å"silent years† in India to proclaim the teachings of Hinduism. Nevertheless, Hindus’ incorporation of Jesus Christ into their religion does not seem to fit properly. According to McDowell (2002), Hinduism is known to be tolerant towards other religions because of similarities with Hinduism. This is believed to be one of the characteristics of a polytheistic and henotheistic (believing in one god and regarding other gods and goddesses as just manifestations) religions. However, due to rise of a nationalistic political party which took hold of the India’s government, the separation of church and state collapsed and religious tolerance went down as well, increasing anti-Christian violence in the country (Robinson, 2007). Christianity and Hinduism has numerous differences and some of them are the following: Hinduism’s Supreme Being is the Brahman, an indefinable and impersonal deity, while Christianity has a loving, personal and caring Creator. Hinduism looks at man as a materialization of Brahman who has no value and self-worth at all, whereas, Christianity proclaims that man is created in the very image of God that deserves to love and be loved despite their sinful deeds. When it comes to sins, there are no sins that are committed against Brahman, things that were done wrong are taken as results of ignorance that can be redeemed by following the duty of a specific caste to which the person belongs to and the path going to salvation. On the other hand, wrongdoings that are done within Christianity is taken as acts of rebellion against God. Salvation in Hinduism is referred to as moksha and can be attained in three ways which cannot be accomplished in one lifetime, while salvation in the Christian sense is granted by God to those who deserve it after being separated from him. Lastly, even their view of the material world differ – for a Hindu, the material world is an extension of Brahman and just a transitory and secondary importance; on the contrary, Christians see the material world as an objective reality and a something total different from God (McDowell, 2002). However, despite these differences, it is said that Hindus accept Jesus, but not the Christian relgion. In fact, they even refer Christianity to â€Å"Churchianity. † According to Abhedananda (2002), Hindus can tell apart the religion of Jesus Christ from the religion of the Church for the reason that the true religion of Jesus Christ is a religion of the heart. Thus, it has no dogma and no theology, no rituals and ceremonies, and is not based from a book. From their perspective, the religion of the Church is based from a book, is full of creeds and rituals, and even has an organized way of preaching them. When it comes to the Gospels, they see it as full of inconsistencies and discrepancies, and one very doubtful area for the Hindus comes from their awareness that Jesus Christ did not have His own writings and that there are no precise and contemporary accounts of His life inside and outside of the Bible. In order to share the Gospels to the Hindus, Rev. Dharmaraj (2001), gave some advice to approach the Hindus and make them listen to the Gospels. He said that one should determine and understand what type of Hindu community one intends to visit, since there are different sects that belong to Hinduism. Next, he said that one should explain the concepts incorporated in the Gospels in order for them to understand the Gospels for they have their own understanding of God, salvation, sin, among others. Lastly, Christians should deal with the challenges of dogmatism, risks of syncretism and to focus on evangelism. In addition, according to Reid and Corduan (2008), a Christian should connect with the person rather with the person’s religion; Christians should approach them along with humanitarian efforts and outreach projects since Hinduism does not cater to such. Through a combination of these, Hindus have already felt the kind of loving relationships that pay no attention to the caste which have long been abolished but is still being practiced. The salvation of Christianity even reached them in a way, and it even made them accept Jesus Christ more as they felt that they have been freed from the dark aspects of Hinduism. The one who comes from above is above all. The one who is of the earth is earthly and speaks of earthly things. But the one who comes from heaven [is above all]. He testifies to what he has seen and heard, but no one accepts his testimony. Whoever does accept his testimony certifies that God is trustworthy. For the one whom God sent speaks the words of God. He does not ration his gift of the Spirit. The Father loves the Son and has given everything over to him. Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life, but whoever disobeys the Son will not see life, but the wrath of God remains upon him. (John 3:31-36, NAB) In the given Gospel, in order for a Hindu to understand it, one should clarify that the God in the Gospel is the Creator and that His son is Jesus Christ, the Savior of mankind from sins. In addition, it will also be better to give a slight background of what the Gospel is about – say that at this point in the Gospel, the Savior have finally presented Himself in front of the people. The Hindu should also be informed that â€Å"eternal life† is referring to the promised salvation in a Christian context and that it can only be attained by believing in Jesus Christ. On the other hand, the Christian should also point out what â€Å"the wrath of God† means, so that the Hindu could have insights as to the consequences of not obeying their God. And since this pertains to the concept of Hell, it should be also explained again in totality for Hindus do not have this concept in their belief system. Hinduism is a large complex religion that is older than Christianity. If one would be able to understand the essentials of this religion, it would be easy to reach out to the Hindus and make them listen to the Gospel. Christians have their views about Hinduism and Hindus likewise have their own views about Christianity. While they criticize and contradict each other about most of the aspects of their beliefs, setting them aside for awhile in order to learn about one another’s religion makes it possible to establish not just communication but also an open, two-way relationship. To share a Gospel to Hindus, proper understanding of Hinduism is required along with the use of an effective interpersonal approach. References Mason, C. (2000). A short history of Asia – Stone Age to 2000AD. London: Palgrave Macmillan Perry, M. (1989). A history of the world.Massachusetts: Houghton Mifflin Holy Bible: the new American Bible. (1987). Nashville: Thomas Nelson Abhedananda, S. (2002). Why a Hindu accepts Christ and rejects Churchianity. Retrieved March 31, 2008 from Hinduism website: http://www. hinduism. co. za/jesus. htm Dharmahal, P. (1992). Communicating Christ to the Hindu world. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from Mission Frontiers website: http://www. missionfrontiers. org/1992/0912/sd9211. htm McDowell, J. (2002). A ready defense. Retrieved March 31, 2008 from Jesus Who website: http://www. greatcom. org/resources/areadydefense/ch24/default. htm Reid, P. & Corduan, W. (2008). About Hinduism. Retrieved March 31, 2008 from Christian Answers Network website: http://christiananswers. net/evangelism/beliefs/hinduism. html Robinson, B. A. (2007). Hinduism: the world’s third largest religion. Retrieved March 31, 2008 from Religious Tolerance website: http://www. religioustolerance. org/hinduism. htm VandeWeghe, R. (2007). Prepared to answer. Retrieved March 31, 2008 from Windmill Ministries website: http://www. windmillministries. org/frames/CH30A. htm

Chemistry Report

Standardize a solution of potassium manganate(VII) by an iron (II) salt (ammonium iron (II) sulphate) Introduction Oxidation numbers describe the number of electrons the atom will gain or lose during a reaction. Each atom in an equation can be assigned an oxidation number according to certain rules. If the oxidation number of an atom increases as you go from the left side to the right side if an equation, oxidation has occurred (electrons have been lost); if the oxidation number decreases, reduction has occurred (electrons have been gained). MnO4? + 8 H+ + 5e? Mn+? + 4 H2O (1) In the above reduction half-reaction, manganese has undergone a decrease in oxidation number from +7 to +2. In the following oxidation half-reaction, each iron atom has undergone an increase in oxidation number from +2 to +3. Fe+? > Fe+? + e? (2) Oxidation must occur along with reduction. These reactions are called redox (reduction/oxidation ) reactions. The number of electrons lost and gained in the half react ions must be equal. The overall redox reaction becomes: MnO4? + 5 Fe+? + 8H+ > Mn+? + 5 Fe+? 4H2O (3) Potassium permanganate is widely used as an oxidizing agent in volumetric analysis. Since the MnO4 ion is a deep pink-violet colour and the Mn2+ ion is nearly colourless, the end point in titrations using KMnO4 can be taken as the first pink colour that persists in the solution. In titration , permanganate solution is put in the burette and is run down to an acidified solution of reducing agent, e. g.. ammonium iron(II) sulphate solution. In this experiment, KMnO4 will be used to determine the percentage of Fe2+ in an unknown solid sample dissolved in water. The permanganate oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+ is carried out in an acidic solution to prevent the air oxidation of Fe2+. A potassium permanganate solution will be standardized by titrating it with a known mass of Mohr's salt, ferrous ammonium sulphate hexahydrate or Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2Â ·6H2O. (Mohr’s salt fulfils the requirements of a primary standard. It is easily obtained in pure form, it is stable to oxidation when dry and is not hygroscopic. http://faculty. ccri. edu/eterezakis/1100%20Exp%205,%20Iron%20Analysis%20by%20Redox%20Titration%20_egt_. pdf http://www. mrteverett. om/Chemistry/labs/Chem%201A%20-%20Lab%20-%20Titration%20%28Redox%29. pdf Objectives To prepare and standardize a solution of an oxidizing agent,potassium manganate(VII) by titrating it with standard solution of a reducing agent,ammonium iron (II) sulphate. Then use the standardized to determine the concentration of a sample of unknown concentration. Materials Ammonium iron (II) sulphate crystals Potassium manga nate (VII) solution Distilled water 1. 0M sulphuric acid Apparatus Beakers 250cm? volumetric flask Conical flask Burette Pipette Electronic weighing machine Methods

Coffee shop business in India Essays

Coffee shop business in India Essays Coffee shop business in India Essay Coffee shop business in India Essay Coffee parlous in India hooting up Question 1) With coffee being the hot beverage in India. The consumption of coffee in in India is done in south of India The concept of a cafe © today is not merely about selling coffee, but about developing a national brand Barista : growth : Barista coffee was establishes in 1999 with the aim of identifying growth opportunities in the coffee business. Increasing disposable incomes and global trends in coffee indicate immense growth potential in one particular segment. Barista exists in over 22 cities, and operates over 140 outlets nationally. In the last 2 years, Barista has opened over 00 outlets in the country and with a new outlet opening nationally everywhere. Barista has very wide variety of product to offer from Arabian coffee to Brazilian coffee seeds. Not only coffee but also in teas Assam chaw, Adrenaline tea to early grey, and in eatables and sides it has coffee rolls, walnut brownie. It has chocolate chip muffins etc . It has maximum of the items to satisfy a short time hunger. And satisfy the taste buds for all kind. They also merchandise they products like tiramisu flavor , coffee mugs. Every month it introduced and focused on a particular type of coffee. The idea was to change customers occasional indulgence and make it a habit and educate them about the original coffees. T also developed store-in-store concept by focusing on themes that compliment coffee, such as music, books and art. Barista entered into marketing tie-ups with planet M, crossword and Ebony to set up it Espressos at the corner. It also wanted to enter into co-branded marketing tie-ups with several banks for credit cards. Barista entered home brew segment with freshly grounded coffee. Barista planned to tie-up with BAN Omar for opening Bankable. This concept helps to bank at leisure enabling customers to visit the bank after banking hours on any day in an informal and friendly environment. T even tied up with BPCS to open coffee kiosks. Baristas adopted a strategy on which it segmented itself to the elite class. This class has high potential because these people associate with anything that is of status symbol. Barista choose this segment contains people with big designations like Doctors, Coos and people belonging to elite class. They like to be in a place which is classy and luxurious like Barista. This segment has high attention. CDC: Cafe © Coffee Day offered an informal ambiance with bright and eye-catching interiors. Visitors could sip coffee, browse the internet, conduct business meetings or Just while away time with friends. Cafe Coffee Day was well looked as a hangout for college crowd and teenagers. It is youth based . It also displayed young artist panting on walls which attracted young crowd more. In 2001, a new logo was chosen leaving the old one which was bit old fashioned. The interior were redesigned and new menu was also introduced along with the new crockery. The baseline also changed to A lot an happen over coffee. Musical events were organized to attract youth. Cafe © jockey was introduced which selected children above 1 errs and gave them 1 week training. Cafe Coffee Days also targeted other locations like corporate houses, airport, competitors. Cafe Coffee Day positioned itself as a mass market brand, mint-metros were also added to its list. It targeted the middle class, upper middle class, house wives and students. The prices are less compared to the other two. This segment has high potential and great buying power and has great market share. Swiss: Swiss treated was that to make their customers make them feel comfortable and have fun. The staff at Swiss was trained to understand body language. They were very frankly with the customers. Swiss objective was to target the young at heart that were looking for fun and relaxation. They offered different varieties of coffee. Customers were given a choice of drinks that were not common in India. It had a separate vending area for chocolate products. Swiss coffee pubs were located at strategic points which were frequented by youth. Swiss pubs were located at intersection of odds in a corner were two side of cafe © were made of glasses and faced the road. It even had coffee making machines for sale and also a trainer to teach how to make perfect espresso. It also planned to launch ready to drink coffee sachets. Their prices were based on the real-estate prices in that particular area. Swiss positioned itself as a place were people can come for fun and relaxation it targeted people who having fun and young at heart. People who were quite interactive and friendly were appointed as staff to make their customers feel comfortable and while away their time. It was a place to hangout. The strategy adopted by Barista would suit the Indian market. Barista came up with uniqueness in its interior with Indian neighborhood. It also offered several services along with serving coffee. Several international varieties of coffees are served in Barista. The ambiance was great. The perfect Italian varieties of coffees were served with brew masters from Italy. They came up with single origin coffees and attracted with the niche set of consumers. Many varieties of coffees are served in Barista people feel very comfortable. It also serves food items like pastries, sandwiches. People started thinking that Barista has come a status symbol. So they wanted to associate themselves with Barista. Its planning to go international into many countries. Its even planning to co brand with several banks for credit cards. People of India always wanted something new and different. So Baristas strategy perfectly suits the Indian market. Question 2) Barista concentrates on youth segment where as Scuds concentrated on Mass market and Swiss concentrated on the youth in the age group of 18-30. F we see the ambiance and the way service was given in Barista, it is completely different from what is being done by CDC or Swiss. Bright ambiance with music, games like chess to play and even if the customer doesnt want to drink can come and relax there. This was a strategy because they knew youth would definitely feel awkward to sit for few minutes and g o, instead they would order something to drink and they had variants in every month which made the youth to try everything new out there. Scuds had their own mass targeted market which also had unique ambiance and the main innovation when they adopted internet system inside the cafe ©. The customers could use internet inside the cafe © without paying more for it and as the target was mass arrest, it attracted many businessmen who could do meetings there where as there was a bell which could be rang by the customers if they are happy. Even though it looked small this idea worked really well for them. These small changes which the players did worked as a potential for them and it did not Just innovate but it also opened a new way of thinking for the other competitors in this particular segment. The potential of targeting the youth may be that , they will frequently visit the cafe © as most of them will be college going and the potential of taking Mass segmenting of Scuds is that they can easily capture people of all ages which is inefficient in many ways for them so that they will not Just rely on one particular market or target. Question 3) With Cutbacks and other coffee retailers who want to enter into the Indian market, these Indian retailers would have to really concentrate on developing a competitive advantage. According to me CDC is best equipped to take on the increased level of competition. And CDC is the makers leader in the coffee industry. Comparatively than barista or quizs They are not going to be in the same market segment as Cutbacks the latter being more expensive and not so open to the masses. Taking this into consideration they will not greatly be affected by the entry of foreign players, as they would be catering to 2 different segments of coffee drinkers. Barista on the other hand who are currently catering to the premium section would probably feel the hit more, they would be replaced by Cutbacks and others for people who want a premium coffee experience. They would have to come up with a different strategy now to sustain themselves in the market. Question 4) Yes, intense competition in the coffee retailing business is likely to create or cause a consolidation. Consolidation is nothing but a collaboration with another impasses. This would avoid weak coffee firms from collapsing in the market. Entry of foreign players, this would lead to domestic chains to go for partnerships, strategic tie ups and MAs. By combining with other players in the market, they would be able to compensate for any shortcomings that would be existing in each others firm, and work together to be stronger and beat the competition that would be present in the market. According to the case CDC is already gearing up to face competition by consolidating with Alga gr oup, Barista collaborated with Data Coffee after the entrance of Star bucks in the market

Chemical Composition of Table Salt

Chemical Composition of Table Salt Table salt is one of the most common household chemicals. Table salt is 97 percent to 99 percent  sodium chloride, NaCl.  Pure sodium chloride is an ionic crystal solid. However, other compounds are present in table salt, depending on its source or additives that may be included before packaging.  In its pure form, sodium chloride is white. Table salt may be white or may have a faint purple or blue tinge from impurities. Sea salt may be dull brown or gray. Unpurified rock salt may occur in any color, depending on its chemistry. Where Does Salt Come From? One of the main sources of table salt is the mineral halite or rock salt. Halite is mined. The minerals in mined salt give it a chemical composition and flavor unique to its origin. Rock salt commonly is purified, since halite occurs with other minerals, including some that are considered toxic. Native rock salt is sold for human consumption, but the chemical composition is not constant and there may be health risks from some of the impurities, which can be up to 15 percent of the mass of the product. Another common source of table salt is evaporated sea water. Sea salt consists mainly of sodium chloride, with trace amounts of magnesium and calcium chlorides and sulfates, algae, sediments, and bacteria. These substances impart a complex flavor to sea salt. Depending on its source, sea salt may contain pollutants found associated with the water source. Also, additives may be mixed in with sea salt, mainly to make it flow more freely. Whether the salt source is halite or the sea, the products contain comparable amounts of sodium, by weight. In other words, one cannot be used in place of the other to lower dietary sodium. Additives to Salt Natural salt already contains a variety of chemicals. When it is processed into table salt, it may also contain additives. One of the most common additives is  iodine in the form of potassium iodide, sodium iodide, or sodium iodate. Iodized salt may contain dextrose (a sugar) to stabilize the iodine. Iodine deficiency is considered the biggest preventable cause of mental retardation. Salt is iodized to help prevent cretinism in children as well as hypothyroidism and goiter in adults. In some countries, iodine is routinely added to salt (iodized salt) and products that do not contain this additive may be labeled uniodized salt, Uniodized salt has not had any chemicals removed from it; rather, this means supplemental iodine has not been added. Another common additive to table salt is sodium fluoride. Fluoride is added to help prevent tooth decay. This additive is more common in countries that dont fluoridate water. Doubly-fortified salt contains iron salts and iodide. Ferrous fumarate is the usual source of iron, which is added to help prevent iron-deficiency  anemia. Another additive may be folic acid (vitamin B9). Folic acid or folicin is added to help prevent neural tube defects and anemia in developing infants. This type of salt may be used by pregnant women to help prevent common birth defects. Folicin-enriched salt has a yellowish color from the vitamin. Anti-caking agents may be added to salt to prevent the grains from sticking together. Any of the following chemicals are common: Calcium aluminosilicateCalcium carbonateCalcium silicateFatty acid salts (acid salts)Magnesium carbonateMagnesium oxideSilicon dioxideSodium aluminosilicateSodium ferrocyanide or yellow prussiate of sodaTricalcium phosphate

Spanish-American War Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Spanish-American War - Research Paper Example The war went smoothly for the Americans and proved devastating for the Spanish, which suffered defeat continuously. Although several drawbacks have been observed in the American military preparedness for this war, the same has been classified as â€Å"splendid war of short duration† by historians, even from outside America. Historian Harry Allen has described this event as â€Å"America’s swift and total defeat of Spain†(1). Due to lack of coordination between different wings of American defense forces, rivalry was visible between sailors and soldiers, while the war resulted in the charges of imperialism being levied against America, which still haunts the people of Cuba and Philippines. Michael Quinn, the author of this article has detailed the impact of this war on West Americans. According to Mormon theology, the church had a right to choose for participating or non-participating in an armed conflict, which the author refers as â€Å"selective Pacifism’. While Mormon Church lost its political and social power with the abolition of polygamy by the federal government in 1890, the option of selective pacifism became inapplicable in 1989, as a result of internal conflict within the Mormon Church on the participation issue. While â€Å"book of Mormon† has the evidences of pacifism, the internal conflict has been visible with one group refusing to participate in such defensive wars, based on religious and spiritual reasons.(1) Joseph Smith Jr discussed the theological aspects of pacifism, while proposing three essentials, which concern the Mormon participation in a war. These included the participating decision to be independent of secular government options, the Divine injunctions of war and peace being conveyed through a Mormon prophet, instead of any secular leader and the commands of the prophet to be given due respect in deciding on issues